Public Response to the Regulation Policy of Urban Household Waste: Evidence from a Survey of Jiangsu Province in China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
2.1. Theoretical Research on Public Response
2.2. Classification of MSW Regulation Policy
3. Research Method
3.1. Quadratic Response Surface Regression Analysis Methodology
3.2. Scale and Samples
4. Data Analysis
4.1. Factor Analysis
4.2. Statistics Analysis
4.3. Quadratic Response Surface Regression Analysis
4.3.1. Response of the Publics’ Overall Degree of Understanding and Support Willingness to Their Implement Willingness and Influence Willingness
4.3.2. Response of the Degree of Understanding and Support Willingness for Different Types of Policies to Implement Willingness and Influence Willingness
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions and Policy Implication
6.1. Conclusions
6.2. Policy Enlightenment
Supplementary Files
Supplementary File 1Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Extremely Inconsistent | Relatively Inconsistent | General | Relatively Consistent | Extremely Consistent | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
I understand the specific content of the policy standards | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
I support this policy standard | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
I will obey or follow this policy standard | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
I will promote this policy standard to other people and promote more people to follow it | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Social Demographic Variables | Frequency | Percentage | Social Demographic Variables | Frequency | Percentage | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | Male | 484 | 50.9% | Monthly income | ≤2000 | 121 | 12.7% |
Female | 467 | 49.1% | 2000–4000 | 233 | 24.6% | ||
One child | Yes | 385 | 40.5% | 4000–6000 | 294 | 30.9% | |
No | 566 | 59.5% | 6000–8000 | 117 | 12.3% | ||
Education background | Junior high school or below | 56 | 5.9% | 8000–10,000 | 82 | 8.6% | |
Senior high school or technical secondary school | 151 | 15.9% | 10,000–30,000 | 60 | 6.4% | ||
Junior college | 233 | 24.6% | >30,000 | 42 | 4.4% | ||
Bachelor | 411 | 43.1% | Monthly family income | ≤2000 | 26 | 2.7% | |
Master or above | 99 | 10.5% | 2000–4000 | 82 | 8.6% | ||
Marital status | Unmarried | 249 | 26.2% | 4000–6000 | 130 | 13.6% | |
Married | 670 | 70.5% | 6000–8000 | 130 | 13.6% | ||
Divorced | 13 | 1.4% | 8000–10,000 | 237 | 24.9% | ||
Remarried | 11 | 1.2% | 10,000–30,000 | 290 | 30.5% | ||
Others | 9 | 0.9% | >30,000 | 56 | 5.9% | ||
Age | ≤20 | 104 | 10.9% | Number of family members | 1–2 | 108 | 11.4% |
21–30 | 203 | 21.4% | 3 | 393 | 41.4% | ||
31–40 | 316 | 33.2% | 4 | 268 | 28.2% | ||
41–50 | 186 | 19.6% | ≥5 | 182 | 19.1% | ||
>50 | 142 | 15.0% |
Extremely Inconsistent | Relatively Inconsistent | General | Relatively Consistent | Extremely Consistent | Inferior Value (Extremely/ Relatively Inconsistent) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Understand the policy | 25.33% | 17.18% | 33.32% | 17.04% | 7.13% | 42.51% |
Be willing to support the policy | 1.98% | 4.99% | 31.41% | 34.46% | 27.15% | 6.97% |
Be willing to implement the policy | 2.07% | 4.74% | 29.78% | 37.50% | 25.93% | 6.81% |
Be willing to influence others to comply with the policy | 4.84% | 7.68% | 36.32% | 30.15% | 21.01% | 12.52% |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | ||||||
1. DU | 1 | ||||||||
2. SW | 0.138 * | 1 | |||||||
3. IW1 | 0.177 ** | 0.916 ** | 1 | ||||||
4. IW2 | 0.356 ** | 0.640 ** | 0.756 ** | 1 | |||||
5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | ||
5. DU/TS | 1 | 9. DU/CC1 | 1 | ||||||
6. SW/TS | 0.201 ** | 1 | 10. SW/CC1 | 0.181 ** | 1 | ||||
7. IW1/TS | 0.194 ** | 0.893 ** | 1 | 11. IW1/CC1 | 0.232 ** | 0.849 ** | 1 | ||
8. IW2/TS | 0.354 ** | 0.678 ** | 0.754 ** | 1 | 12. IW2/CC1 | 0.379 ** | 0.583 ** | 0.729 ** | 1 |
13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | ||
13. DU/CC2 | 1 | 17. DU/PS | 1 | ||||||
14. SW/CC2 | 0.240 ** | 1 | 18. SW/PS | 0.112 | 1 | ||||
15. IW1/CC2 | 0.271 ** | 0.928 ** | 1 | 19. IW1/PS | 0.153 * | 0.913 ** | 1 | ||
16. IW2/CC2 | 0.394 ** | 0.709 ** | 0.793 ** | 1 | 20. IW2/PS | 0.306 ** | 0.659 ** | 0.779 ** | 1 |
Variable | Implement M1 | Implement M2 | Influence M1 | Influence M2 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Constant | 0.335 ** | 0.137 | 0.256 | −0.168 |
Understanding | 0.037 | −0.054 | 0.236 *** | −0.039 |
Support | 0.889 *** | 1.063 *** | 0.701 *** | 1.129 ** |
Understanding*Understanding | 0.028 | 0.027 | ||
Support*Support | −0.020 | −0.067 | ||
Understanding*Support | −0.015 | 0.031 | ||
Adjustment R2 | 0.840 | 0.842 | 0.478 | 0.475 |
Variable | Implement M1 | Implement M2 | Influence M1 | Influence M2 | Implement M1 | Implement M2 | Influence M1 | Influence M2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Technical standard | Charge collection | |||||||
Constant | 0.458 *** | 0.170 | 0.263 | 0.020 | 0.575 *** | 0.554 | 0.641 ** | 0.448 |
Understanding | 0.012 | −0.181 | 0.207 *** | 0.006 | 0.062 * | 0.226 | 0.246 *** | 0.411 |
Support | 0.872 *** | 1.173 *** | 0.708 *** | 0.988 ** | 0.811 *** | 0.704 *** | 0.591 *** | 0.589 |
Understanding*Understanding | 0.044 | 0.027 | 0.046 | 0.009 | ||||
Support*Support | −0.041 | −0.043 | 0.041 | 0.015 | ||||
Understanding*Support | −0.008 | 0.014 | −0.098 | −0.053 | ||||
Adjustment R2 | 0.796 | 0.797 | 0.505 | 0.500 | 0.724 | 0.729 | 0.412 | 0.406 |
Command and control | Participation and supervision | |||||||
Constant | 0.282 ** | 0.277 | 0.098 | −0.324 | 0.325 ** | 0.651 | 0.312 | 0.532 |
Understanding | 0.037 | −0.013 | 0.206 *** | 0.073 | 0.036 | 0.105 | 0.196 *** | 0.236 |
Support | 0.901 *** | 0.939 *** | 0.757 *** | 1.202 ** | 0.890 *** | 0.657 ** | 0.727 *** | 0.574 |
Understanding*Understanding | 0.024 | 0.050 | 0.012 | −0.009 | ||||
Support*Support | 0.000 | −0.061 | 0.039 | 0.020 | ||||
Understanding*Support | −0.020 | 0.000 | −0.030 | 0.002 | ||||
Adjustment R2 | 0.863 | 0.862 | 0.552 | 0.550 | 0.834 | 0.835 | 0.484 | 0.477 |
Types of the Policies | Implement Willingness | Influence Willingness | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Y = X Transversal Line (Congruence) | Y = −X Transversal Line (Dis-Congruence) | Y = X Transversal Line (Congruence) | Y = −X Transversal Line (Dis-Congruence) | |
Technical standard | congruence , implement willingness | dis-congruence , implement willingness | congruence , implement willingness | dis-congruence , implement willingness |
Charge collection | congruence , implement willingness | Inverted sequence: dis-congruence , implement willingness Forward sequence: dis-congruence , implement willingness | congruence , implement willingness | Inverted sequence: dis-congruence , implement willingness Forward sequence: dis-congruence , implement willingness |
Command and control | congruence , implement willingness | dis-congruence , implement willingness | congruence , implement willingness | dis-congruence , implement willingness |
Participation and supervision | congruence , implement willingness | dis-congruence , implement willingness | congruence , implement willingness | dis-congruence , implement willingness |
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Chen, F.; Chen, H.; Huang, X.; Long, R.; Lu, H.; Yue, T. Public Response to the Regulation Policy of Urban Household Waste: Evidence from a Survey of Jiangsu Province in China. Sustainability 2017, 9, 1034. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9061034
Chen F, Chen H, Huang X, Long R, Lu H, Yue T. Public Response to the Regulation Policy of Urban Household Waste: Evidence from a Survey of Jiangsu Province in China. Sustainability. 2017; 9(6):1034. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9061034
Chicago/Turabian StyleChen, Feiyu, Hong Chen, Xinru Huang, Ruyin Long, Hui Lu, and Ting Yue. 2017. "Public Response to the Regulation Policy of Urban Household Waste: Evidence from a Survey of Jiangsu Province in China" Sustainability 9, no. 6: 1034. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9061034