Socio-Economic and Spatial Characteristics of Wielkopolski National Park: Application of the Hedonic Pricing Method
Round 1
Reviewer 1 Report
I find the paper well written and interesting to read, with a good structure. However, I had few comments:
Introduction: The authors are stating that 'The application of the HPM method ... is still an innovative way of research', however this is not adequately justified, except the reduced number of studies, especially in Poland. I recommend defining the significance of the work. Please highlight controversial and diverging hypotheses if becomes necessary.
2. Materials and methods: I suggest taking into consideration energy efficiency as one of the variables created based on the literature on the subject. In this respect the report, Zancanella, P., Bertoldi, P., Boza-Kiss, B., Energy efficiency, the value of buildings and the payment default risk, EUR 29471 EN, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2018, doi:10.2760/267367, JRC113215 may be useful. Also the article: Liebelt, Veronika, Stephan Bartke, and Nina Schwarz. "Urban green spaces and housing prices: an alternative perspective." Sustainability 11.13 (2019): 3707. includes valuable info in relation to the present research.
3. Results: I recommend completing Table 2 with the explanation of the acronyms (DCC, DWNP etc), which are, later on, highlighted in Table 4.
Author Response
I have prepared a revised version of the article incorporating the corrections of the three reviewers. The red font in the comments section indicates the corrections I made based on your comment. "Please see the attachment."
Author Response File: 
Author Response.pdf
Reviewer 2 Report
The manuscript deals with an interesting research topic, having sound research objectives, systematic methodological basis, and insightful remarks on the area examined. However, the sustainability features and the novelty characteristics of the analysis have, yet, to be developed prior to its publication. To this end the following review comments can be considered.
1) The manuscript title sounds unnecessarily complex, thus, it can be simplified as: “Socio-economic and spatial characteristics of Wielkopolski National Park: application of the hedonic pricing method”
2) Authors denoted the significance of transaction year, as one of the most important indicators of their study:
“Transaction year. When it comes to real estate, the date of the transaction is extremely important. Due to its unique nature, the real property market is influenced by, i.a., social, political, demographic and economic conditions that change over time. The analysis covered the years 2014-2018. The greatest number of transactions related to residential premises was recorded in 2017 (330) while the lowest number was recorded in 2016 (192)”.
However, authors had already published another paper for the same park of WNP, without mentioning it in their latest research:
Zydroń, Adam & Kayzer, Dariusz & Szoszkiewicz, Krzysztof & Iwiński, Mateusz. (2017). CONTINGENT VALUATION OF THE WIELKOPOLSKA NATIONAL PARK BY RESPONDENDS OF DIFFERENTIATED AGE AND EDUCATION. ECONOMICS AND ENVIRONMENT, Journal of the Polish Association of Environmental and Resource Economists. 1. 138-147.
Therefore, it is crucial authors to provide a “follow-up” orientation of their latest analysis, by including the former published study and by noting what are the evolutionary characteristics from the whole period examined: 2012-2018? These evolutionary characteristics should be referred to:
- a) each one of the categories mentioned in Table 1,
- b) each one of the following subheadings:
Surface area of the dwelling unit.
Floor.
Height of the building.
Access to public transport.
Distance to schools.
Distance to the WNP.
Distance to the centre of Mosina.
Distance to Poznań.
All above subheadings can be “upgraded” as distinct and numbered subsections within the main section 2, no being placed as paragraphs, since they play a pronounced role at the analysis conducted.
3) At the above subheadings authors are implicitly referred to variables and terms of numerical entity: distances……, prices……., dwelling units…..but having no numerical information to support their analysis. Therefore, missing numerical data have to be added in the revised manuscript.
4) In order authors to better convey the sustainability features of their analysis the environmental and social dimensions can be fully developed. In particular, authors are recommended:
-environmental dimension: to denote/to list all (or, at least four of type mostly representative ones) flora and fauna species accommodated at the WNP, as well as those endangered or Natura-protected species living.
-social dimension: to link their analysis with the term of “willingness to pay, WTP” which was predominately examined in their previous paper but it is also anticipated to shape the future of the WNP, likewise.
5) The Results section has to be reorganized into two or three subsections, thus, presenting these outcomes in a more systematic manner.
6) The Discussion section contains no cross-cited information, which can be checked and cited accordingly. Besides, a narrative upgrading is recommended by:
-forming a SWOT analysis, in which the main constraints, challenges and prospects to be precisely denoted. Issues of particular interest should be that of: accessibility to water and natural sources, the pollution dangers or incidences, the visits for education or leisure purposes, the flora and fauna future, the land-use prospects and the governmental-regulatory policies and effectiveness, they should be contained in this SWOT analysis.
-forming an evaluation Table in which the main variables and indicators of the conducted analysis to be categorized as enablers-constraints, or barriers-drivers, by setting up the indicators range from: - - - (high disadvantageous) up to + + + (high advantageous).
7) The missing Conclusions section can be added. This is a two-or-three no cross-cited (but simply narrative) paragraphs that could succinctly denote those limitations and developmental aspects of the WNP studied, without necessarily summarizing the whole methods and results yielded in numerical format.
8) Literature enrichment with more and relevant published papers it is recommended, since it will offer a more pluralistic and international-oriented theoretical coverage on the topic examined. Therefore, the following list of papers can be indicatively considered and cited at the revised manuscript.
Scopus
EXPORT DATE:16 Apr 2021
Yu, X., Ma, S., Cheng, K., Kyriakopoulos, G.L.
53865793000;57218326388;57218326647;6603382498;
An evaluation system for sustainable urban space development based in green urbanism principles-a case study based on the Qin-Ba mountain area in China
(2020) Sustainability (Switzerland), 12 (14), art. no. 5703, . Cited 6 times.
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85088828018&doi=10.3390%2fsu12145703&partnerID=40&md5=f4c407b3b707d7b77b1350577b4e98e5
DOI: 10.3390/su12145703
AFFILIATIONS: School of Architecture, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710061, China;
Electric Power Division, Photometry Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, 15780, Greece
ABSTRACT: Since the 20th century, the deterioration of the ecological environment around the world has challenged urban space construction. With the development of urbanization, the consumption of resources and energy has increased, the level of biodiversity has decreased, environmental pollution is approaching the critical level, and the contradiction between human habitat activity and ecological environment has become increasingly prominent. The sustainable development of urban space along with its economic and social benefits, taking into account the quality of life and ecological environment, has become a new and important subject that needs to be explored. In this study, the indices of the evaluation system for sustainable urban spatial development in regions with underdeveloped economies but rich in ecological resources are arranged in sequence through the systematic coupling analysis of collaborative evaluation information and a quantitative analysis. The influences of urban space elements on sustainable urban development are disclosed. On the basis of the generated data, an evaluation system for sustainable urban spatial development with a complete set of information is proposed. The proposed system is applicable to urban spatial development evaluation in regions in China with underdeveloped economies but rich in ecological capital. First, the basic concept of system coupling is introduced, and a coupling relationship between urban sustainable development and urban space is proposed. Second, the elements of urban space and the sustainable development in the Qin-Ba mountain area are extracted, and the precedence diagram method is used to construct a sustainable evaluation system for urban space development in the Qin-Ba mountain area. Third, the sustainable evaluation process of urban spatial development is proposed. Finally, the sustainable evaluation system for urban spatial development in the Qin-Ba mountain area is applied to evaluate the urban spatial development in Shangluo, Qin-Ling Mountains, China. The results show that, among the investigated 14 indicators, the proportion of industrial land use mainly influences sustainable urban spatial development. As for the rest of the index factors, per capita green land area and green coverage ratio of built-up areas, per capita urban construction land area, proportion of forestry area, greening rate of built-up areas, total industrial dust emission density, proportion of cultivated area, and average volume fraction of residential areas are the secondary influencing factors of sustainable urban spatial development. The evaluation system in this research is constructed with the three aspects of "green coordination", "green development", and "green sustainability" of sustainable urban spatial development, and it complements the evaluation contents of urban-rural ecological space coordination, land resource protection, and green development community, and so on. The conclusion of this study not only can provide a useful reference for urban spatial development planning for underdeveloped ecological capital areas of China but also can provide a theoretical basis for the management and control policy of sustainable urban spatial development. © 2020 by the authors.
AUTHOR KEYWORDS: City spatial development; Green coordination; Green development; Green sustainability; Sustainable evaluation system
DOCUMENT TYPE: Article
PUBLICATION STAGE: Final
ACCESS TYPE: Open Access, SOURCE: Scopus
Zydroń, A., Kayzer, D., Fiedler, M., Korytowski, M.
55022917200;16021867400;57220185680;36179674600;
Financial inclinations of visitors to the wielkopolska national park [Inklinacje finansowe osób odwiedzających wielkopolski park narodowy]
(2020) Rocznik Ochrona Srodowiska, 22 (1), pp. 265-280.
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85097146961&partnerID=40&md5=5806566bdadaf84fae7f83aef44f8d98
AFFILIATIONS: The Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poland
ABSTRACT: Among all the functions served by forest ecosystems an increasingly important role is played by their social function. These ecosystems have been traditionally associated with tourism and recreation and as a result also interest in the appraisal of non-productive functions of forests has been increasing. The value of the natural environment is not tangible and it may be assessed only based on subjective opinions and attitudes of the general public. A contingent valuation method based on the Willingness to Pay and Willingness to Accept has been applied to determine the nature value of a landscape dominated by forests within the boundaries of a national park in central Poland. The most important aim of this study was to determine the propensity of individuals actively using the environmental goods to pay fees charged by the Wielkopolska National Park. Dependencies between the inclination of local residents to pay fees for the possibility to use the Wielkopolska National Park and selected variables were determined using the logit model approach. It was observed that the willingness to incur costs for the use of the Wielkopolska National Park grows with an increase in the awareness of the respondents concerning financial requirements related to environmental protection, their knowledge on the Park and membership in environmental organisations. Based on the conducted studies it was found that environmental education provided to the general public is a necessary pre-requisite to making the public aware of the need to finance actions related to preservation of the natural environment and nature conservation. © Middle Pomeranian Scientific Society of The Environment Protection. All rights reserved.
AUTHOR KEYWORDS: Forest; National park; Nature conservation; Tourism development; Value of environment
DOCUMENT TYPE: Article
PUBLICATION STAGE: Final
SOURCE: Scopus
Gierczyk, B., Kujawa, A.
35493338100;56017278900;
Contribution to the knowledge of mycobiota of the Wielkopolski National Park (W Poland)
(2020) Acta Mycologica, 55 (1), art. no. 5515, pp. 1-29. Cited 1 time.
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85090712943&doi=10.5586%2fam.5515&partnerID=40&md5=fcbcbc024e8873e5aee80382ca025875
DOI: 10.5586/am.5515
AFFILIATIONS: Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poland;
Institute for Agricultural and Forest Environment, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
ABSTRACT: The Wielkopolski National Park is located in western Poland, near Poznań City. Its unique postglacial landforms are covered with various (semi)natural and anthropogenic ecosystems. The mycobiota of this Park has been studied for 90 years; however, current state knowledge is still insufficient. In 2018, a few-yearlong project on the chorology, richness, and diversity of fungal biota of this area was started. In the first year, 312 taxa of macromycetes were found. Among them, 140 taxa were new for the biota of the Wielkopolski National Park. Five species (Botryobasidium robustius, Hebeloma subtortum, Leccinum brunneogriseolum, Pachyella violaceonigra, and Sistotrema athelioides) were new for Poland, and 26 taxa were new for the Wielkopolska region. © The Author(s) 2020.
AUTHOR KEYWORDS: Ascomycota; Basidiomycota; Macrofungi; Protected area; Rare species
DOCUMENT TYPE: Article
PUBLICATION STAGE: Final
SOURCE: Scopus
Ntanos, S., Kyriakopoulos, G., Chalikias, M., Arabatzis, G., Skordoulis, M.
57076831500;6603382498;23092968200;8884728500;56251883100;
Public perceptions and willingness to pay for renewable energy: A case study from Greece
(2018) Sustainability (Switzerland), 10 (3), art. no. 687, . Cited 67 times.
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85042775405&doi=10.3390%2fsu10030687&partnerID=40&md5=94f8918a6f70438473b2ec70921f87b8
DOI: 10.3390/su10030687
AFFILIATIONS: Department of Forestry and Management of the Environment and Natural Resources, School of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, Orestiada, 68200, Greece;
School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou, 15780, Greece;
Department of Business Administration, School of Business and Economics, Piraeus University of Applied Sciences, Aigaleo, 12244, Greece
ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study is to discover the factors shaping public opinion about renewable energy sources and investigate willingness to pay for expansion of renewable energy sources in the electricity mix. Data was collected through a questionnaire applied in Nikaia, an urban municipality of Greece. The respondents have a positive attitude towards renewable energy systems. Most of them have good knowledge of solar and wind energy systems and are using solar water heating, while several respondents own a solar PV system. Environmental protection is seen as the most important reason for investing in a renewable energy system. Willingness to pay for a wider penetration of RES into the electricity mix was estimated to be 26.5 euros per quarterly electricity bill. The statistical analysis revealed the existence of a relationship between RES perceived advantages and willingness to pay for renewable energy. Furthermore, by using a binary logit model, willingness to pay was found to be positively associated with education, energy subsidies, and state support. © 2018 by the authors.
AUTHOR KEYWORDS: CVM; Logit regression; Renewable energy sources; Social acceptance; WTP
DOCUMENT TYPE: Article
PUBLICATION STAGE: Final
ACCESS TYPE: Open Access
SOURCE: Scopus
Frankowski, M.
57211894928;
Simultaneous determination of inorganic and organic ions in plant parts of Betula pendula from two different types of ecosystems (Wielkopolski National Park and Chemical Plant in Luboń, Poland)
(2016) Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 23 (11), pp. 11046-11057. Cited 8 times.
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84959108729&doi=10.1007%2fs11356-016-6274-4&partnerID=40&md5=863c72ca5785a0bf3f067311451cc876
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6274-4
AFFILIATIONS: Department of Water and Soil Analysis, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Umultowska 89b, Poznań, 61-614, Poland
ABSTRACT: The results of inorganic and organic anion concentrations in samples of soils and plant parts of Betula pendula (tap roots, lateral roots, stem, twigs, leaves), in the bioavailable fraction, are presented in this study. An ion chromatography method was applied for the first time in the simultaneous determination of inorganic and organic anions, as an effective tool for qualitative and quantitative analysis of samples with different matrix. A linear gradient elution with potassium hydroxide allowed for the separation of both inorganic and organic ions such as: F−, CH3COO−, HCOO−, Cl−, NO2 −, Br− and NO3 −, SO4 2−, CH2(COO)2 2−, C2O4 2−, PO4 3− and C3H5O(COO)3 3−. The samples of soils and plant parts of B. pendula from the area of the Wielkopolski National Park (WNP) and the Chemical Plant in Luboń (LU; protected vs. contaminated area) were selected for the study. The obtained results indicated that such inorganic ions as: F−, Cl−, NO3 − and PO4 3− are quite easily transported from soil to leaves. In contrast, the mechanism of migration could not be clearly defined for SO4 2− because the ion was retained in roots of many of the analysed samples. Significantly higher bioavailability of inorganic ions was observed for samples collected from the area of the WNP. Phosphates were the only ions which showed no variation in their concentrations between the two sampling sites, both for soils and plant parts of B. pendula. None of the organic anions was detected in soil samples. The acetate, formate, malonate, oxalate and citrate ions were detected in all leaf samples. The statistical analysis allowed the author to determine the mechanism of ion migration and accumulation in leaves and, additionally, determine the variation in the occurrence of inorganic and organic ions depending on the sampling site (WNP vs. LU). The results of the statistical analysis were confirmed by the bioacumulation (BF) and translocation (TF) factors. © 2016, The Author(s).
AUTHOR KEYWORDS: Betula pendula; Chemical Plant in Luboń; HPIC; Inorganic ions; Organic ions; Soil; Wielkopolski National Park
DOCUMENT TYPE: Article
PUBLICATION STAGE: Final
SOURCE: Scopus
Walna, B., Kurzyca, I., Bednorz, E., Kolendowicz, L.
55886428000;14322012900;6603342397;6701448397;
Fluoride pollution of atmospheric precipitation and its relationship with air circulation and weather patterns (Wielkopolski National Park, Poland)
(2013) Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 185 (7), pp. 5497-5514. Cited 36 times.
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84878737533&doi=10.1007%2fs10661-012-2962-9&partnerID=40&md5=1435d0daf07e80a25711c39af6d96050
DOI: 10.1007/s10661-012-2962-9
AFFILIATIONS: Jeziory Ecological Station of Adam Mickiewicz University, P.O. Box 40, 62-050 Mosina, Poland;
Department of Water and Soil Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Drzymaly 24 Str., 60-613 Poznań, Poland;
Department of Climatology, Institute of Physical Geography and Environmental Planning, Adam Mickiewicz University, Dziegielowa 27 Str., 60-680 Poznań, Poland
ABSTRACT: A 2-year study (2010-2011) of fluorides in atmospheric precipitation in the open area and in throughfall in Wielkopolski National Park (west-central Poland) showed their high concentrations, reaching a maximum value of 2 mg/l under the tree crowns. These high values indicate substantial deposition of up to 52 mg/m2/year. In 2011, over 51 % of open area precipitation was characterized by fluoride concentration higher than 0.10 mg/l, and in throughfall such concentrations were found in more than 86 % of events. In 2010, a strong connection was evident between fluoride and acid-forming ions, and in 2011, a correlation between phosphate and nitrite ions was seen. Analysis of available data on F- concentrations in the air did not show an unequivocal effect on F- concentrations in precipitation. To find reasons for and source areas of high fluoride pollution, the cases of extreme fluoride concentration in rainwater were related to atmospheric circulation and weather patterns. Weather conditions on days of extreme pollution were determined by movement of weather fronts over western Poland, or by small cyclonic centers with meteorological fronts. Macroscale air advection over the sampling site originated in the western quadrant (NW, W, and SW), particularly in the middle layers of the troposphere (2,500-5,000 m a.s.l.). Such directions indicate western Poland and Germany as possible sources of the pollution. At the same time in the lower troposphere, air inflow was frequently from the north, showing short distance transport from local emitters, and from the agglomeration of Poznań. © 2012 The Author(s).
AUTHOR KEYWORDS: Atmospheric circulation; Back trajectories; Fluoride; Wielkopolski National Park
DOCUMENT TYPE: Article
PUBLICATION STAGE: Final
SOURCE: Scopus
Walna, B.
55886428000;
Interdisciplinary study of post-agricultural pollution in the Wielkopolski National Park (Poland)
(2013) Journal of Integrative Environmental Sciences, 10 (1), pp. 17-38. Cited 4 times.
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84875227401&doi=10.1080%2f1943815X.2012.759976&partnerID=40&md5=938a0b446e3f64d960fcc33aa7d40459
DOI: 10.1080/1943815X.2012.759976
AFFILIATIONS: A. Mickiewicz University, Jeziory Ecological Station, Mosina, 62-050, Poland
ABSTRACT: A study was carried out in the Wielkopolski National Park (mid-western Poland) to trace the pathways along which pollutants migrated from an area that was previously in agricultural use. During a 1-year study, major ions (Na+, NH4+ K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, F-, NO3-, NO2-, SO42- and PO43-) were determined in groundwater samples from boreholes, the springs that feed Lake Góreckie and the lake itself. The vertical variability of water-soluble constituents of sediments near the lake was also studied. It was found that changes in groundwater-dependent ecosystems are related to the type of sediment, groundwater, springs and lake eutrophication. Nitrate and chloride concentrations in groundwater and springs were found to exceed the water quality standards set by both the Polish national limits and those of the World Health Organisation. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
AUTHOR KEYWORDS: eutrophication; groundwater outflows; Lake Góreckie; migration pathways
DOCUMENT TYPE: Article
PUBLICATION STAGE: Final
SOURCE: Scopus
Zydroń, A., Walkowiak, R.
55022917200;25927616500;
Analysis of factors affecting value of undeveloped plots allocated for building development in mosina municipality [Analiza atrybutów wpływaja{ogonek}cych na wartość nieruchomości niezabudowanych przeznaczonych na cele budowlane w gminie mosina]
(2013) Rocznik Ochrona Srodowiska, 15 (1), pp. 2911-2924. Cited 2 times.
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84889763216&partnerID=40&md5=125e812f809e70c0ef4ea72e726c5736
AFFILIATIONS: Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy, Poznań, Poland
ABSTRACT: The aim of the study was to model the dependence between the price for 1m2 undeveloped property allocated to building purposes in areas located in the Mosina commune on such characteristics as forests, waters and protected areas at a distance of max. 1000 m, access to roads, power supply infrastructure, the sewer and water supply systems, distance from Poznań, the number of residents in the area and the plot area as well as the allocated use of the plot. To realise this aim the statistical analyses were performed using reverse step-wise regression. Analyses covered the Mosina commune, one of the biggest communes located in the Poznan county in terms of its area. Mosina is a municipal and rural commune located in the central part of the Wielkopolskie province. In its immediate vicinity there are such communes belonging to the Poznan county as Lubon, Komorniki, Kórnik, Steszew and Puszczykowo, as well as the Brodnica commune located in the Srem county and Czempin located in the Koscian county. The vicinity of the city of Poznan is decisive for the development of investments in Mosina. Areas belonging to the Mosina commune are particularly attractive in terms of their nature and tourist value. Thus it seems that the object selected for analyses is well adapted to such analyses, both in terms of the variation in natural conditions and the variation of socio-economic conditions. The time frame for the study covered the years 2004 - 2007 (adoption of such a time frame was connected with the phenomena occurring immediately after Poland's accession to the European Union). The scope of the study covered data from notarial deeds (729 transactions) concerning sale and purchase of undeveloped plots allocated to building purposes. Based on studies using multiple regression it may be stated that prices for undeveloped plots allocated for building purposes were affected by different factors in the analysed years. In 2004 the value of plots was reduced by the occurrence of surface waters in their vicinity (at a distance up to 100 m), while an increase in value was observed in relation to neighbouring protected areas. In 2005 a negative effect on property value was found for the distance from Poznan (the farther from Poznan, the lower the value). In 2006 high voltage power supply infrastructure reduced property value, while sewer infrastructure increased property value. In 2007 the distance from Poznan reduced property value (the farther from Poznan, the lower the prices) and the number of residents (an increase in the number of residents reduced property value). Analysis showed that in the study period the effect of attributes on property value changed, which indicates changing preferences of property buyers. Based on the investigations it may be concluded that it is necessary to study periodically (at least once a year) characteristics influencing property value, while adoption of a longer period would not fully reflect the weight of these characteristics. Spatial distribution of expected value of land allocated to building development showed that the greatest value in the analysed years (except for 2005) was found in Rogalin, directly neighbouring with the Mosina commune centre and it is an attractive location in terms of its nature and cultural value (with the Raczynski Palace, the Rogalinski Landscape Park located in the vicinity).
DOCUMENT TYPE: Article
PUBLICATION STAGE: Final
SOURCE: Scopus
Kolendowicz, L., Bednorz, E., Walna, B., Kurzyca, I.
6701448397;6603342397;55886428000;14322012900;
Episodes of extreme rainwater pollution and its relationship with synoptic situation (Wielkopolski National Park, Poland)
(2011) Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry, 68 (2), pp. 89-105. Cited 5 times.
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84863202090&doi=10.1007%2fs10874-011-9209-y&partnerID=40&md5=5e0ebd5c66fa3e908ae2d4d7726ded69
DOI: 10.1007/s10874-011-9209-y
AFFILIATIONS: Department of Climatology, Institute of Physical Geography and Environmental Planning, Adam Mickiewicz University, Dziegielowa 27 Str., 60-680 Poznan, Poland;
Jeziory Ecological Station of Adam Mickiewicz University, P.O. Box 40, 62-050 Mosina, Poland;
Department of Water and Soil Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Drzymaly 24 Str., 60-613 Poznan, Poland
ABSTRACT: Synoptic conditions of extreme rainwater pollution episodes, evidenced by maximum values of parameters measured in the protected area of Wielkopolski National Park (western-central Poland), were analysed in this study. Precipitation samples were tested for the following parameters: pH, electrical conductivity and the concentration of the following elements: F-, Cl-, NO2 -, NO3 -, PO4 3-, SO4 2- and Na+, NH4 +, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+. It was assumed, that in winter, western advection of Atlantic air masses was the most frequent aerosol and pollution transport scenario for the investigated area. In summer the most heavily pollution occur at the intensified meridional flow over the central Europe, indicating advection of cooler air from northern Europe and the North Sea. In most of cases, the weather conditions causing extreme concentration of examined pollutants, were determined by the movement of weather fronts over considerable parts of Poland and by precipitation caused by those fronts. © The Author(s) 2011.
AUTHOR KEYWORDS: Atmospheric circulation; Atmospheric pollution; Back trajectories; Synoptic situations
DOCUMENT TYPE: Article
PUBLICATION STAGE: Final
SOURCE: Scopus
Walna, B., Kurzyca, I.
55886428000;14322012900;
Changes and trends in the chemistry of precipitation in the Wielkopolski National Park (Poland)
(2010) National Parks: Vegetation, Wildlife and Threats, pp. 1-50. Cited 3 times.
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85029922396&partnerID=40&md5=35d16c003ac359869f0730523e243033
AFFILIATIONS: Jeziory Ecological Station of Adam Mickiewicz University, Poland;
Department of Water and Soil Analysis of Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
ABSTRACT: The Wielkopolski National Park is a valuable fragment of nature not only from the national perspective; it is also an element of the European Ecological Network Nature 2000. For 20 years now the Ecological Station of Adam Mickiewicz University located there has been conducting systematic studies and monitoring of both, biotic and abiotic elements of the environment. One of the major threats to this area is pollution reaching the substratum in precipitation. The chapter presents the results of observations of bulk deposition and its physico-chemical properties, and tries to identify tendencies of change in its composition. It was found that over the study period the pH of precipitation tended to grow systematically. The year with the lowest figure was 1994 with the annual weighted mean pH of 3.92. In turn, the year with the lowest acidification was 2006 with a mean pH of 4.80. The predominant acid-forming ions were sulphates, with a maximum concentration even exceeding 40 mg dm-3. Sulphate deposition was noted to show a downward tendency with time. It was found that due to intensification of transport in the vicinity and through the Park, mean concentrations of nitrates were on the increase, causing a change in the composition structure of precipitation. Some interesting data reveal fluoride ions, which are especially dangerous because of their specific character; their maximum concentration in bulk precipitation can reach 0.41 mg dm-3. Bulk precipitation measurements are accompanied by observations of throughfall, which show a substantial deposition of acid-forming ions. The electric conductivity of throughfall (with a mean of 77-150 μ cm-1) varies much more widely than in open-terrain precipitation (with a mean of 30-40 μS cm-1). The deposition of cations has been stableover the recent years and stays around 40 meq m-2. Still, the research shows higher deposition levels of acid-forming compounds in the Wielkopolski National Park than in Poland's and Europe's (EMEP) lowland stations monitoring background pollution. © 2010 Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
DOCUMENT TYPE: Book Chapter
PUBLICATION STAGE: Final
SOURCE: Scopus
Walna, B., Kurzyca, I.
55886428000;14322012900;
Tendencies of changes in the chemical composition of precipitation in the Wielkopolski National Park
(2009) Journal of Water and Land Development, 13 (1), pp. 53-69. Cited 1 time.
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-77956309109&doi=10.2478%2fv10025-010-0019-4&partnerID=40&md5=c4a974c7125d2d26817f3bde75c0d17a
DOI: 10.2478/v10025-010-0019-4
AFFILIATIONS: Ecological Station of the Adam Mickiewicz University, Jeziory, 62-050 Mosina, PO Box 40, Poland;
Department of Water and Soil Analysis, Adam Mickiewicz University, Drzymaly 24, 60-613 Poznań, Poland
ABSTRACT: The results are presented of chemical studies on precipitation based on multi-year observations (1992-2007) carried out in the Wielkopolski National Park (WNP), They are compared with the monitoring data obtained by stations grouped in the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) network, It was found that over the study period the pH of precipitation tended to grow systematically, thus contributing to a decrease of the annual deposition of (H+) ions, The trend lines of changes in the deposition of hydrogen ions have similar slope coefficients, which indicates similar rate of changes, The year with the lowest pH was 1994, in which the mean annual pH was 3,92, In turn, the acidification level was the lowest in 2006 with pH - 4,80, The deposition of hydrogen ions at all stations often exceeded 20 mg.m -2year-1, and at the WNP station it even reached 70 mg'm-2 in 1994, The deposition of acid-forming ions was also analysed, Predominant among them were sulphate ions, but their deposition showed a declining tendency with time, Their maximum values were recorded in precipitation in the WNP - 707 mg S-SO4m-2 (2002) and 260 mg N-NO3m-2 (2007), It was found that the NO 3/SO4 eq/eq ratio tended to increase, which is indicative of changes in the composition structure of precipitation, This effect resulted from the decrease in SO2 emission in the Wielkopolska region and from the increase in NOx emission caused by car traffic in the Park and along its border, Calcium dominated among the deposited alkaline cations - its share exceeded 50%, The figures recorded for potassium and calcium deposition by lowland EMEP stations were several times lower than those obtained in the WNP and lower than the mean for Poland, Over the last years one can note a stabilisation in the amount of deposited cations,.
AUTHOR KEYWORDS: Acidification; Deposition; pH; Throughfall
DOCUMENT TYPE: Article
PUBLICATION STAGE: Final
SOURCE: Scopus
Bednorz, L., Urbaniak, A.
6506275752;8953615400;
Phenology of the wild service tree (Sorbus torminalis (L.) Crantz) in Poznań and Wielkopolski National Park
(2005) Dendrobiology, 53, pp. 3-10. Cited 6 times.
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-25144485464&partnerID=40&md5=f04aa68ae4695dbfba073f39b265744d
AFFILIATIONS: August Cieszkowski Agricultural University, Department of Botany, Wojska Polskiego 71c, Pl 60-625 Poznań, Poland
ABSTRACT: In this paper the results of the 3-year observations (2001-2003) of seasonal rhythm of S. torminalis trees growing in Poznań in Dendrological Garden of Agricultural University and in forests of Wielkopolski National Park are presented. The observations included the course of leaf development, leaf coloration and leaf fall as well as flowering, fruit ripening and fall. Sixteen phenophases were taken into account. The differences in timing and duration of S. torminalis phenophases from year to year, between two sites and among trees within the same site are pointed out and discussed.
AUTHOR KEYWORDS: Climate factors; Rosaceae; Seasonal rhythm; Trees
DOCUMENT TYPE: Article
PUBLICATION STAGE: Final
SOURCE: Scopus
Pełechaty, M., Owsianny, P.M.
6602311385;6505993799;
Horizontal distribution of phytoplankton as related to the spatial heterogeneity of a lake - A case study from two lakes of the Wielkopolski National Park (western Poland)
(2003) Hydrobiologia, 510, pp. 195-205. Cited 11 times.
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0347930812&doi=10.1023%2fB%3aHYDR.0000008644.67963.c4&partnerID=40&md5=379d04f7ad933350aebd42426e94d7e7
DOI: 10.1023/B:HYDR.0000008644.67963.c4
AFFILIATIONS: Department of Hydrobiology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Marcelińska Str. 4, PL-60-801 Poznań, Poland
ABSTRACT: This study compares phytoplankton communities within macrophyte communities and mid-lake sites along transects in two lakes of the Wielkopolski National Park. Water samples were collected in August 1998 to characterize the phytoplankton communities at these locations and for the physical-chemical analysis of the water. There was phytocoenotic differentiation associated with the sites and the specific water properties in the two lakes, especially between the phytolittoral and mid-lake sites. In addition, there was strong negative correlation in abundance between Aphanizomenon flos-aquae and Aphanizomenon issatschenkoi along the Lake Jarosławieckie transect.
AUTHOR KEYWORDS: Aphanizomenon flos-aquae; Aphanizomenon issatschenkoi; Góreckie; Jarosławieckie; Macrophytes; Phytoplankton
DOCUMENT TYPE: Article
PUBLICATION STAGE: Final
SOURCE: Scopus
Pełechaty, M., Pełechata, A., Niedzielski, P.
6602311385;7801330736;6701851274;
Spatial and temporal variability of TOC concentrations in a shallow and eutrophicated lake ecosystem (Lake Jarosławieckie, Wielkopolski National Park, western Poland)
(2003) Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 12 (5), pp. 607-611. Cited 6 times.
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0242582383&partnerID=40&md5=e1c2eca4607afca259152f063d847239
AFFILIATIONS: Department of Hydrobiology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Marcelińska St. 4, Poznán 60-801, Poland;
Department of Water/Soil Analysis, Adam Mickiewicz University, Drzymały St. 24, Poznań 60-613, Poland
ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to characterize the spatial and temporal variability of total organic carbon concentrations in a shallow, eutrophic lake (Lake Jarosławieckie, the Wielkopolski National Park, midwestern Poland) against the background of lake habitat heterogeneity. The interrelations between TOC and chlorophyll a in different studied sites (in macrophyte communities as well as in open water sections) were also taken into account. In November 2000, March, May, June and July 2001, water samples were collected in two transects along and across the lake traversing macrophyte communities of the phytolittoral zonation (7 sites) and reaching the open water zone (mid-lake, 3 sites) and, additionally, in a site close to a beach attracting local inhabitants and tourists. Statistical analyses revealed significant temporal differentiation and reverse patterns of changes of both TOC and chlorophyll a concentrations in the studied lake, whereas the spatial one was not significant. No correlations between both parameters were found. The results of cluster analyses suggest macrophyte vegetation and its seasonal changes in development as the main factor to influence TOC concentrations.
AUTHOR KEYWORDS: Chlorophyll a; Lake; Temporal and spatial distribution; Total organic carbon
DOCUMENT TYPE: Article
PUBLICATION STAGE: Final
SOURCE: Scopus
Sobczyński, T., Siepak, J.
7801658014;55888064300;
Speciation of Heavy Metals in Bottom Sediments of Lakes in the Area of Wielkopolski National Park
(2001) Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 10 (6), pp. 463-474. Cited 34 times.
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0347671165&partnerID=40&md5=2ed3ab25e9a1c5484fe6179a5ec62052
AFFILIATIONS: Adam Mickiewicz University, Department Water and Soil Analysis, Drzymały 24, 60-613 Poznań, Poland
ABSTRACT: This paper reports results of speciation analysis of selected heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Ni, Cu, Pb, Cd) in bottom sediment samples collected from 11 lakes in the area of Wielkopolski National Park, which is a protected area subjected to limited anthropogenic factors. The main aim of the study was determination of the distribution of the metals among five speciaiton forms defined by Tessier: exchangeable, bound to carbonates, bound to hydrated oxides of iron and manganese, bound to organic matter and others. The particular forms were isolated by sequential extraction.
AUTHOR KEYWORDS: Bottom sediments; Heavy metals; Lakes; Sequential extraction, speciation
DOCUMENT TYPE: Article
PUBLICATION STAGE: Final
SOURCE: Scopus
Walna, B., Siepak, J., Drzymała, S.
55886428000;55888064300;6507887347;
Soil degradation in the Wielkopolski National Park (Poland) as an effect of acid rain simulation
(2001) Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 130 (1-4 III), pp. 1727-1732. Cited 15 times.
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0034748763&doi=10.1023%2fA%3a1013995500326&partnerID=40&md5=733e807e347c0b5a9c365dc4a0b25943
DOI: 10.1023/A:1013995500326
AFFILIATIONS: Adam Mickiewicz University, Jeziory Ecological Station, P.O. Box 40, 62-050 Mosina, Poland;
Agricultural University of Poznań, Soil Science Department, Mazowiecka 42, 60-623 Poznań, Poland
ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate qualitatively as well as quantitatively the response of typical soils of the Wielkopolski National Park to simulated acid rain. The experiments with simulated acid precipitation were performed on soil monoliths of unchanged structure. The artificial rain used for the simulations was diluted sulphuric acid of pH 2.0, 3.0 and for the control experiments distilled water was used. Changes in the soil pH and Ca/Al molar ratio of specified soil genetic horizons were described. A quantitative description of the leaching dynamics of calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium and aluminium, dependent on the kind of sprinkling was given. The results proved that simulated acid rain washed out significant amounts of nutrients and released toxic amounts of aluminium. Humus and clay fraction colloids were noted to have a buffer effect.
AUTHOR KEYWORDS: Monoliths; Nutrients washing out; Poland; Soil degradation; The Wielkopolski National Park; Toxic aluminium
DOCUMENT TYPE: Article
PUBLICATION STAGE: Final
SOURCE: Scopus
Walna, B., Drzymała, S., Siepak, J.
55886428000;6507887347;55888064300;
The impact of acid rain on potassium and sodium status in typical soils of the Wielkopolski National Park (Poland)
(2000) Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 121 (1-4), pp. 31-41. Cited 18 times.
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-17144447366&doi=10.1023%2fa%3a1005239229352&partnerID=40&md5=4bc525a223222730a4fd087b1f928610
DOI: 10.1023/a:1005239229352
AFFILIATIONS: Adam Mickiewicz University, Jeziory Ecological Station, P.O. Box 40, 62-050 Mosina, Poland;
Agric. University of Poznań, Soil Science Department, ul. Mazowiecka 42, 60-623 Poznań, Poland;
Adam Mickiewicz University, Lab. of Water and Soil Analysis, ul. Drzymały 24, 60-613 Poznań, Poland
ABSTRACT: A previous investigation of the chemical characteristics of precipitation in the Wielkopolski National Park has shown its high acidity, which sometimes drops below pH 3.0. This paper deals with the leaching of potassium and sodium ions by acid rain from typical soils of the study area. Laboratory experiments were conducted on undisturbed soil cores (15 cm in diameter, 50 cm high) with acid solutions of pH 3.0, pH 2.0 and with water of pH 5.6 (control). The sprinkling lasted 30 days simulating a rainfall of 400 mm. The eluates were analyzed daily. Soil properties and forms of potassium and sodium were determined before and after treatment. The investigations show that quite significant amounts of K+ and Na+ can be leached from the soil: in the very acid treatment (pH 2.0) about 4 mg K+ and 3 mg Na+ per kg of soil. The leaching of these elements was smaller in the pH 3.0 and 5.6 treatments. Differences in the dynamics of the process are shown in the leaching curves. In the case of potassium their shapes are smooth when pH is 5.6 and 3.0, while at pH 2.0 the curves rise sharply. The leaching curves in the case of sodium do not show sharp peaks, which means that the leaching is slow and equalized.
A previous investigation of the chemical characteristics of precipitation in the Wielkopolski National Park has shown its high acidity, which sometimes drops below pH 3.0. This paper deals with the leaching of potassium and sodium ions by acid rain from typical soils of the study area. Laboratory experiments were conducted on undisturbed soil cores (15 cm in diameter, 50 cm high) with acid solutions of pH 3.0, pH 2.0 and with water of pH 5.6 (control). The sprinkling lasted 30 days simulating a rainfall of 400 mm. The eluates were analysed daily. Soil properties and forms of potassium and sodium were determined before and after treatment. The investigations show that quite significant amounts of K+ and Na+ can be leached from the soil: in the very acid treatment (pH 2.0) about 4 mg K+ and 3 mg Na+ per kg of soil. The leaching of these elements was smaller in the pH 3.0 and 5.6 treatments. Differences in the dynamics of the process are shown in the leaching curves. In the case of potassium their shapes are smooth when pH is 5.6 and 3.0, while at pH 2.0 the curves rise sharply. The leaching curves in the case of sodium do not show sharp peaks, which means that the leaching is slow and equalised.
AUTHOR KEYWORDS: Acid rain; Forest soils; Leaching of potassium and sodium; The Wielkopolski National Park
DOCUMENT TYPE: Article
PUBLICATION STAGE: Final
SOURCE: Scopus
Walna, B., Siepak, J.
55886428000;55888064300;
Research on the variability of physico-chemical parameters characterising acid precipitation at the Jeziory Ecological Station in the Wielkopolski National Park (Poland)
(1999) Science of the Total Environment, 239 (1-3), pp. 173-187. Cited 33 times.
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0032849152&doi=10.1016%2fS0048-9697%2899%2900303-4&partnerID=40&md5=0956ba97ac7933334798471ea39f8fc8
DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00303-4
AFFILIATIONS: Adam Mickiewicz University, Jeziory Ecol. Stn., P.O. B., Mosina, Poland;
Adam Mickiewicz University, Lab. Water Soil Anal., Ul. D., Poznań, Poland
ABSTRACT: Here the water quality of precipitation at the Adam Mickiewicz University Ecological Station is presented for the period 1992-1997 to examine one of the main factors causing the degradation of the natural environment of the Wielkopolski National Park. In the course of daily observations the amount of rainfall, its electrical conductivity and pH were measured. As much as 61% of the tested precipitation had a pH <4.6, and 92% had a pH <5.6: some very low pH values, even below 3.0, were occasionally observed. The annual volume-weighted average pH during the full period was 4.28 and the lowest yearly average was 3.92 (1994). The chemical composition of precipitation showed the dominance of sulphate and calcium ions. Fluoride ions also contributed significantly to the anion charge. There were also small amounts of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. A chemical analysis of throughfall showed a considerably increased concentration of some ions, in particular potassium. Copyright (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V.
AUTHOR KEYWORDS: Acid rain; Acidity of precipitation; Poland; Stemflow; The Wielkopolski National Park; Throughfall; Trace metals
DOCUMENT TYPE: Article
PUBLICATION STAGE: Final
SOURCE: Scopus
Pełechaty, M.
6602311385;
The phytosociological characteristic and habitat requirements of the Phragmitetum communis (Gams, 1927) Schmale 1939 phytocoenoses in the lakes of the Wielkopolski National Park
(1999) Hydrobiologia, 408-409, pp. 327-334. Cited 5 times.
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-6744236248&doi=10.1007%2f978-94-017-2986-4_36&partnerID=40&md5=0227f96c22d6ab21f9d454344dbc72e4
DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2986-4_36
AFFILIATIONS: Department of Hydrobiology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Marcelińska 4, 60-801 Poznań, Poland
ABSTRACT: In the summers of 1996 and 1997, the phytosociological investigations of phytocoenoses of Phragmitetum communis were carried out. Samples of the water and the substrate were also analyzed. Phytosociological characteristic was presented, and ranges of physical and chemical properties of habitats were found. It was also found that phytocoenoses of the investigated association have an indicative value in relation to definite properties of the water and the substrate, and could be indicators of the habitat conditions. Comparison of habitat requirements of phytocoenoses investigated in the Wielkopolska region (the Wielkopolski National Park, Western Poland) to those investigated in north-eastern region of Poland (Klosowski, 1992) pointed out the indicative value to be partly the same and partly different in different regions.
AUTHOR KEYWORDS: Habitat requirements; Phragmitetum communis; Swamp communities; Water and substrate properties
DOCUMENT TYPE: Conference Paper
PUBLICATION STAGE: Final
SOURCE: Scopus
Walna, B., Drzymała, S., Siepak, J.
55886428000;6507887347;55888064300;
The impact of acid rain on calcium and magnesium status in typical soils of the Wielkopolski National Park
(1998) Science of the Total Environment, 220 (2-3), pp. 115-120. Cited 31 times.
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0032544615&doi=10.1016%2fS0048-9697%2898%2900240-X&partnerID=40&md5=f585493652d06c46580527cfb7f9584d
DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(98)00240-X
AFFILIATIONS: Adam Mickiewicz University, Jeziory Ecol. Stn., PO B., Mosina, Poland;
Soil Science Department, Agric. Univ. Poznan, Ul. M., Poznań, Poland;
Lab. of Water and Soil Analysis, Adam Mickiewicz Univ., Ul. D., Poznań, Poland
ABSTRACT: The previous investigation of the chemical characteristics of precipitation within the Wielkopolski National Park has shown its high acidity which sometimes drops below pH 3.0. This paper deals with calcium and magnesium ion leaching by acid rain from typical soils of the area. Laboratory experiments were conducted on soil monoliths (15 cm in diameter, 50 cm high) with acid solutions of pH 3.0, pH 2.0 and a water control of pH 5.6. The sprinkling lasted 30 days, simulating a rainfall of 400 mm. The eluates were analysed every day. The soil properties and forms of calcium and magnesium were determined before and after treatment. The investigations show that quite large amounts of Ca2+ and Mg2+ can be leached from soil - in the very acid treatment (pH 2.0) leaching amounted to about 100 mg Ca2+ and 17 mg Mg2+ per kg of soil. The leaching of these elements was several times less in the pH 3.0 and 5.6 treatments. The differences in the dynamics of the process is shown on the leaching curves - their shapes are smooth when pH is 5.6 and 3.0, while a sharp peak is present at pH 2.0. Copyright (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
AUTHOR KEYWORDS: Acid rain; Calcium; Forest soils; Magnesium; The Wielkopolski National Park. DOCUMENT TYPE: Article. PUBLICATION STAGE: Final. SOURCE: Scopus
Comments for author File: Comments.pdf
Author Response
I have prepared a revised version of the article incorporating the corrections of the three reviewers. The red font in the comments section indicates the corrections I made based on your comment. "Please see the attachment."
Author Response File: Author Response.pdf
Reviewer 3 Report
The topic of the article is very actual in sense of monetary valuation of the environment (in this article represnted by the national park) expresed by hedonic value method. Althought the authors did not mentioned it explicitely, it is one of feasible methods for valuation of ecosystem services. I strongly recommend to mention it in the article (in introduction or conclusions), as I believe it will both draw attention of more readers and links to the scope of the Sustainability journal.
The study area is rather small to draw universal conclusions therefore I suggest to elaborate on this issue in the discusion.
I found several minor issues that I suggest to edit/explain:
Lines 14-15 - the prices are positively related to the national park not vice-versa as wrote in the abstract
Line 154 - I suggest to explain variables of the formula
Line 199 formula 2 -can you explain why or how these variable were selected?
Table 2 - please explain all used acronyms (DCC...W2)...same for acronyms in Table 2
Line 308 - why first distance interval is 0.5 km and following intervals are with 0.25 km step?
Figure 4 - legend missing for NP border and distance zones, I suggest to mark the zoom rectangles with numbers or letters as couloured outline is somewhat weak
Line 386 The coefficient for the feature (DWNP) was assigned a value - 0,126 (Table 5) which means that a unit located at a greater distance (1 km) from the entrance to the park achieved a lower price in the market by approximately 1,26 % than a similar unit located in closer proximity. - Is this really so? Only 1,26% seems rather insignificant price reduction...
Author Response
I have prepared a revised version of the article incorporating the corrections of the three reviewers. The red font in the comments section indicates the corrections I made based on your comment. "Please see the attachment."
Author Response File: Author Response.pdf
Round 2
Reviewer 2 Report
At the revised manuscript authors proceeded in a substantially improved analysis, having considered all reviewer’s comments in a systematic and rigorous manner. The answers to these comments are reasonable and the new information included in the revised version it is well organized and fairly important, unveiling insightful evolutionary socio-economic and environmental characteristics of the area studied. In this respect the revised manuscript can be accepted for publication at the Sustainability journal as is.
