Asymmetric Membrane Capsules for Extended Delivery of the Weakly Basic Drug Carvedilol
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Section
2.1. Materials and methods
2.2. Solubility study
2.3. Preparation of asymmetric membrane capsules
Ingredients | Coating Solution | ||
---|---|---|---|
F1 | F2 | F3 | |
Cellulose acetate (w/v) | 15% | 15% | 15% |
Solvent system (Acetone/water) | 45/5 | 45/5 | 45/5 |
Glycerol (w/w of CA) | 50% | 60% | 70% |
2.4. Physical evaluation of asymmetric membrane capsules
2.4.1. Weight variations
2.4.2. Surface characterization
2.4.3. Conformation of in situ pore formatio
2.5. Filling and sealing of asymmetric membrane capsules
Formulation Code | Carvedilol | Fructose | Fumaric acid |
---|---|---|---|
F4 | 25 | 25 | - |
F5 | 25 | 125 | - |
F6 | 25 | 250 | - |
F7 | 25 | 250 | 25 |
F8 | 25 | 250 | 50 |
F9 | 25 | 250 | 100 |
2.6. In vitro release rate study
3. Results and Discussion
Capsule shell code | F1 | F2 | F3 |
---|---|---|---|
Membrane thickness (cm) | 0.0273 ± 0.03 | 0.0244 ± 0.02 | 0.0224 ± 0.04 |
Surface area (cm2) | 6.39 ± 1.5 | 6.41 ± 1.57 | 6.43 ± 1.4 |
Capsule shell weight (mg) | 80.28 ± 1.96 | 85.37 ± 1.64 | 88.31 ± 1.73 |
Tensile strength (Kg/cm2) | 0.119 ± 0.24 | 0.127 ± 0.83 | 0.188 ± 0.32 |
Void volume (cm3/g) | 2.614 ± 0.32 | 3.949 ± 0.71 | 4.955 ± 0.17 |
3.1. Solubility studies of carvedilol
3.2. In vitro release rate study
3.3. Evaluation of Optimal asymmetric membrane capsule formulation
3.4. Kinetics of drug release
Formulation code | Zero-order | First order |
---|---|---|
R2 | R2 | |
F9 | 0.997 | 0.984 |
F8 | 0.996 | 0.972 |
F7 | 0.988 | 0.978 |
F6 | 0.998 | 0.983 |
F5 | 0.996 | 0.993 |
F4 | 0.988 | 0.979 |
4. Conclusions
References and Notes
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Guarve, K.; Gupta, G.D. Asymmetric Membrane Capsules for Extended Delivery of the Weakly Basic Drug Carvedilol. Pharmaceutics 2010, 2, 199-208. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics2020199
Guarve K, Gupta GD. Asymmetric Membrane Capsules for Extended Delivery of the Weakly Basic Drug Carvedilol. Pharmaceutics. 2010; 2(2):199-208. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics2020199
Chicago/Turabian StyleGuarve, Kumar, and Ghanshyam Das Gupta. 2010. "Asymmetric Membrane Capsules for Extended Delivery of the Weakly Basic Drug Carvedilol" Pharmaceutics 2, no. 2: 199-208. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics2020199