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• Basso, A
• Bergadano, F
• Cavagnino, D
• Pomponiu, V
• Vernone, A
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• Basso, A
• Bergadano, F
• Cavagnino, D
• Pomponiu, V
• Vernone, A
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• Basso, A
• Bergadano, F
• Cavagnino, D
• Pomponiu, V
• Vernone, A

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Algorithms 2009, 2(1), 46-75; doi:10.3390/a2010046

Article

A Novel Block-based Watermarking Scheme Using the SVD Transform

Alessandro Basso* , Francesco Bergadano, Davide Cavagnino, Victor Pomponiu and Annamaria Vernone

Department of Computer Science, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10149, Torino, Italy

* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: 29 August 2008; in revised form: 11 December 2008 / Accepted: 14 January 2009 / Published: 22 January 2009

Download PDF Full-Text [763 KB, uploaded 22 January 2009 14:19 CET]

Abstract: In this paper, a block-based watermarking scheme based on the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) is proposed. Our watermark, a pseudo-random Gaussian sequence, is embedded by modifying the angles formed by the right singular vectors of each block of the original image. The orthogonality property of the right singular vector matrix is preserved during the embedding process. Several experiments have been carried out to test the performance of the proposed scheme against different attack scenarios. We conclude that the proposed scheme is resistant against common signal processing operations and attacks, while it preserves the quality of the original image.

Keywords: digital image watermarking; Singular Value Decomposition; singular vectors; orthogonality; security

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