Properties and Clinical Application of Three Types of Dental Glass-Ceramics and Ceramics for CAD-CAM Technologies
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- Requirements of the dentist and patient:
- ○
- High strength and toughness depending on the required indication
- ○
- High durability as dental restorative material
- ○
- Excellent optical appearance (translucency, brightness, color and fluorescence like that of natural teeth)
- ○
- Easy handling (no additional extensive treatment after the CAD/CAM process)
- ○
- Easy placement of the restoration on natural dentin
- Requirements of CAD/CAM technology:
- ○
- No chipping
- ○
- Easy processing
- ○
- Preferable: small apparatus for dental clinics
2. Materials Systems
2.1. Type I: Leucite-based glass-ceramics
2.2. Type II: Lithium disilicate-based glass-ceramics
Properties | IPS Empress® CAD | IPS e.max® CAD | |
---|---|---|---|
Biaxial flexural strength | MPa | 160 | 300–420 |
Fracture toughness, KIC | MPa m1/2 | 1.3 | 2.0–2.5 |
Hardness | MPa | 6200 | 5700–5900 |
Elastic modulus | GPa | 62 | 90–100 |
CTE(100–500 °C) | 10-6 K-1 | 17.0–18.0 | 10.2–10.7 |
Chemical durability (weigth loss in 4% acidic acid) | μg cm-2 | 25 | 30–50 |
2.3. Type III: Yttrium-stabilized zirconium oxide-based ceramic
Presintered ZrO2 | Final dense sintered ZrO2 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Properties | Properties | ||||
Density | g cm-3 | 3.09–3.21 | Density | g cm-3 | >6.0 |
Porosity | % | 47.3–49.3 | Porosity | % | <0.5 |
Biaxial flexural strength | MPa | 50–90 | Biaxial flexural strength | MPa | >900 |
ZrO2 | wt % | 87.0–95.0 | Fracture toughness, KIC | MPa m1/2 | 5.5 |
Y2O3 | wt % | 4.0–6.0 | Hardness HV10 | MPa | 13000 |
HfO2 | wt % | 1.0–5.0 | CTE(100–400°C) | 10-6 K-1 | 10.75 |
Al2O3 | wt % | 0.1–1.0 | CTE(100–500°C) | 10-6 K-1 | 10.8 |
3. Machining Systems using CAD/CAM Technology
4. Clinical Application
Acknowledgements
References and notes
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Ritzberger, C.; Apel, E.; Höland, W.; Peschke, A.; Rheinberger, V.M. Properties and Clinical Application of Three Types of Dental Glass-Ceramics and Ceramics for CAD-CAM Technologies. Materials 2010, 3, 3700-3713. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma3063700
Ritzberger C, Apel E, Höland W, Peschke A, Rheinberger VM. Properties and Clinical Application of Three Types of Dental Glass-Ceramics and Ceramics for CAD-CAM Technologies. Materials. 2010; 3(6):3700-3713. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma3063700
Chicago/Turabian StyleRitzberger, Christian, Elke Apel, Wolfram Höland, Arnd Peschke, and Volker M. Rheinberger. 2010. "Properties and Clinical Application of Three Types of Dental Glass-Ceramics and Ceramics for CAD-CAM Technologies" Materials 3, no. 6: 3700-3713. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma3063700