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Materials 2010, 3(3), 1913-1927; doi:10.3390/ma3031913

Review

Freeze-Casting of Porous Biomaterials: Structure, Properties and Opportunities

Sylvain Deville

Laboratoire de Synthèse et Fonctionnalisation des Céramiques, UMR 3080, CNRS/Saint-Gobain CREE, Cavaillon, France

Received: 5 February 2010; in revised form: 24 February 2010 / Accepted: 16 March 2010 / Published: 17 March 2010

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ceramics for Healthcare)

Download PDF Full-Text [700 KB, uploaded 17 March 2010 09:08 CET]

Abstract: The freeze-casting of porous materials has received a great deal of attention during the past few years. This simple process, where a material suspension is simply frozen and then sublimated, provides materials with unique porous architectures, where the porosity is almost a direct replica of the frozen solvent crystals. This review focuses on the recent results on the process and the derived porous structures with regards to the biomaterials applications. Of particular interest is the architecture of the materials and the versatility of the process, which can be readily controlled and applied to biomaterials applications. A careful control of the starting formulation and processing conditions is required to control the integrity of the structure and resulting properties. Further in vitro and in vivo investigations are required to validate the potential of this new class of porous materials.

Keywords: freeze-casting; porous ceramics; composites; biomaterials

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