Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2010, 7(4), 1366-1378; doi:10.3390/ijerph7041366
Article

Alcohol and HCV Chronic Infection Are Risk Cofactors of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Italy

Massimiliano Balbi 1 email, Valter Donadon 1,* email, Michela Ghersetti 1 email, Silvia Grazioli 1 email, Giovanni Della Valentina 1 email, Rita Gardenal 1 email, Maria Dal Mas 1 email, Pietro Casarin 1 email, Giorgio Zanette 2 email, Cesare Miranda 2 email and Paolo Cimarosti 3 email
1 Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine 3rd, Pordenone Hospital, Via Montereale 24, Pordenone 33170, Italy 2 Diabetes Clinic, Pordenone Hospital, Via Montereale 24, Pordenone 33170, Italy 3 Community Addictions Service, Pordenone Hospital, Via Montereale 24, Pordenone 33170, Italy
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 3 December 2009; in revised form: 8 February 2010 / Accepted: 15 March 2010 / Published: 29 March 2010
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Alcohol and Public Health)
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Abstract: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) has been associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. To study this relationship, we enrolled 465 HCC patients compared with 618 Cirrhotic cases and 490 Controls. The prevalence of DM2 is significantly higher in HCC patients with an Odds Ratio of 3.12 versus Controls. In HCC cases with alcohol abuse, the frequency of DM2 is the highest. In our HCC patients, when HCV infection is associated with alcohol abuse, the liver cancer develops earlier. In addition, multivariate analysis shows that alcohol consumption is an independent risk factor for HCC more relevant than HCV infection.
Keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; HCV infections; alcohol abuse

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Cite This Article

MDPI and ACS Style

Balbi, M.; Donadon, V.; Ghersetti, M.; Grazioli, S.; Della Valentina, G.; Gardenal, R.; Dal Mas, M.; Casarin, P.; Zanette, G.; Miranda, C.; Cimarosti, P. Alcohol and HCV Chronic Infection Are Risk Cofactors of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Italy. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2010, 7, 1366-1378.

AMA Style

Balbi M, Donadon V, Ghersetti M, Grazioli S, Della Valentina G, Gardenal R, Dal Mas M, Casarin P, Zanette G, Miranda C, Cimarosti P. Alcohol and HCV Chronic Infection Are Risk Cofactors of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Italy. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2010; 7(4):1366-1378.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Balbi, Massimiliano; Donadon, Valter; Ghersetti, Michela; Grazioli, Silvia; Della Valentina, Giovanni; Gardenal, Rita; Dal Mas, Maria; Casarin, Pietro; Zanette, Giorgio; Miranda, Cesare; Cimarosti, Paolo. 2010. "Alcohol and HCV Chronic Infection Are Risk Cofactors of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Italy." Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 7, no. 4: 1366-1378.

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