Perceived Relevance of Educative Information on Public (Skin) Health: Results of a Representative, Population-Based Telephone Survey
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Data Collection
2.2. Study Questionnaire
2.3. Statistical Data Analysis
3. Results
Factors | Gender | p-Value | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overall | Females (n = 758) | Males (n = 742) | |||||
n | % | n | % | n | % | ||
Age; years | |||||||
18–29 | 305 | 20.3 | 145 | 19.1 | 160 | 21.6 | 0.243 |
30–39 | 278 | 18.5 | 135 | 17.8 | 143 | 19.3 | |
40–49 | 340 | 22.7 | 167 | 22.0 | 173 | 23.3 | |
50–59 | 260 | 17.3 | 134 | 17.7 | 126 | 17.0 | |
60–74 | 317 | 21.1 | 177 | 23.4 | 140 | 18.9 | |
Educational level | |||||||
Primary | 357 | 23.8 | 189 | 24.9 | 168 | 22.6 | 0.001 ** |
Secondary | 706 | 47.1 | 386 | 50.9 | 320 | 43.1 | |
Tertiary | 437 | 29.1 | 183 | 24.1 | 254 | 34.2 | |
Living situation | |||||||
Single | 507 | 33.8 | 244 | 32.2 | 263 | 35.4 | 0.183 |
Partner | 993 | 66.2 | 514 | 67.8 | 479 | 64.6 | |
Smoking habits | |||||||
Smoking | 346 | 23.1 | 145 | 19.1 | 201 | 27.1 | 0.001 ** |
Ex-smoking | 313 | 20.9 | 135 | 17.8 | 178 | 24.0 | |
Non-smoking | 841 | 56.1 | 478 | 63.1 | 363 | 48.9 | |
Skin type | |||||||
I | 79 | 5.3 | 54 | 7.1 | 25 | 3.4 | 0.001 ** |
II | 441 | 29.4 | 223 | 29.4 | 218 | 29.4 | |
III | 657 | 43.8 | 340 | 44.9 | 317 | 42.7 | |
IV–VI | 323 | 21.5 | 141 | 18.6 | 182 | 24.5 | |
Knowledge score | |||||||
Low | 319 | 21.3 | 161 | 21.2 | 158 | 21.3 | 0.980 |
High | 1181 | 78.7 | 597 | 78.8 | 584 | 78.7 | |
Motives to tan | |||||||
Low | 732 | 48.8 | 388 | 51.2 | 344 | 46.4 | 0.062 |
High | 768 | 51.2 | 370 | 48.8 | 398 | 53.6 | |
Sun protection | |||||||
Low | 722 | 48.1 | 417 | 55.0 | 305 | 41.1 | 0.001 ** |
High | 778 | 51.9 | 341 | 45.0 | 437 | 58.9 |
Information Medium | Overall | Gender | Rank Overall (Females/Males) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Females (n = 758) | Males (n = 742) | p-Value | ||||||
n | % | n | % | n | % | |||
Information material 1 | ||||||||
Healthcare providers | 1247 | 83.1 | 648 | 85.5 | 599 | 80.7 | 0.014* | 1 (1/1) |
Sunscreen producers | 804 | 53.6 | 410 | 54.1 | 394 | 53.1 | 0.751 | 2 (2/2) |
Tanning parlors | 160 | 10.7 | 86 | 11.3 | 74 | 10.0 | 0.388 | 3 (3/3) |
Information sources 2 | ||||||||
Print media | 854 | 56.9 | 454 | 59.9 | 400 | 53.9 | 0.019 * | 1 (1/1) |
Television | 585 | 39.0 | 310 | 40.9 | 275 | 37.1 | 0.128 | 2 (2/2) |
Physician | 567 | 37.8 | 300 | 39.6 | 267 | 36.0 | 0.151 | 3 (3/3) |
Internet | 336 | 22.4 | 169 | 22.3 | 167 | 22.5 | 0.922 | 4 (4/4) |
Family | 274 | 18.3 | 130 | 17.2 | 144 | 19.4 | 0.258 | 5 (6/5) |
Radio | 272 | 18.1 | 147 | 19.4 | 125 | 16.8 | 0.201 | 6 (5/6) |
Friends | 139 | 9.3 | 73 | 9.6 | 66 | 8.9 | 0.623 | 7 (7/7) |
School | 91 | 6.1 | 64 | 6.1 | 45 | 6.1 | 0.997 | 8 (8/8) |
Information Sources | Dependent Variable | df1 | Mean1 | df2 | Mean2 | F | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Few vs. numerous sources | Knowledge score | 1 | 4.31 (1.14) | 1498 | 4.27 (1.14) | 0.22 | 0.639 |
Motives to tan | 1 | 3.82 (0.89) | 1498 | 3.81 (0.81) | 0.35 | 0.859 | |
Sun protection | 1 | 14.23 (6.04) | 1498 | 15.61 (6.60) | 10.44 | 0.001 * | |
Physician vs. other sources | Knowledge score | 1 | 4.35 (1.09) | 1498 | 4.27 (1.17) | 1.43 | 0.223 |
Motives to tan | 1 | 3.81 (0.89) | 1498 | 3.83 (0.87) | 0.25 | 0.620 | |
Sun protection | 1 | 16.04 (5.51) | 1498 | 13.50 (6.10) | 66.31 | 0.001 * |
Factors | n | % | OR (95% CI) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 1500 | 100 | ||
Information source physician (yes) | 567 | 37.8 | ||
Contextual characteristics | ||||
Gender (female) | 300 | 20.0 | 1.0 (0.8–1.3) | 0.681 |
Age; years | 0.028 * | |||
18–30 | 93 | 6.2 | 1.0 = Ref | - |
31–50 | 237 | 15.8 | 1.2 (0.9–1.7) | 0.174 |
>51 | 237 | 15.8 | 1.6 (1.1–2.3) | 0.004 * |
Educational level | 0.012 * | |||
Primary | 116 | 7.7 | 0.7 (0.5–1.0) | 0.026 * |
Secondary | 279 | 18.6 | 1.0 (0.8–1.3) | 0.992 |
Tertiary | 172 | 11.5 | 1.0 = Ref | - |
Sunburn 2010 (yes) | 147 | 9.8 | 0.7 (0.6–0.9) | 0.008 * |
Knowledge score (high) | 453 | 30.2 | 1.1 (0.9–1.3) | 0.500 |
Health behavior | ||||
Smoking habits | 0.291 | |||
Smoker | 331 | 22.1 | 1.0 = Ref | - |
Ex-smoker | 110 | 7.3 | 1.0 (0.7–1.2) | 0.720 |
Non-smoker | 126 | 8.4 | 0.8 (0.6–1.1) | 0.239 |
Sport activity (yes) | 385 | 25.7 | 1.4 (1.1–1.8) | 0.0001 * |
Sunbed use (yes) | 45 | 3.0 | 0.9 (0.6–1.3) | 0.471 |
Sunbathing; days | 0.888 | |||
Never | 191 | 12.7 | 0.9 (0.7–1.2) | 0.494 |
<15 | 219 | 14.6 | 0.9 (0.7–1.2) | 0.527 |
>15 | 157 | 10.5 | 1.0 = Ref | - |
Motives to tan (low) | 277 | 18.5 | 1.1 (0.9–1.4) | 0.497 |
Sun protection (low) | 827 | 55.1 | 0.5 (0.4–0.7) | 0.0001 ** |
4. Discussion
Limitations
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Haluza, D.; Schwab, M.; Simic, S.; Cervinka, R.; Moshammer, H. Perceived Relevance of Educative Information on Public (Skin) Health: Results of a Representative, Population-Based Telephone Survey. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2015, 12, 14260-14274. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph121114260
Haluza D, Schwab M, Simic S, Cervinka R, Moshammer H. Perceived Relevance of Educative Information on Public (Skin) Health: Results of a Representative, Population-Based Telephone Survey. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2015; 12(11):14260-14274. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph121114260
Chicago/Turabian StyleHaluza, Daniela, Markus Schwab, Stana Simic, Renate Cervinka, and Hanns Moshammer. 2015. "Perceived Relevance of Educative Information on Public (Skin) Health: Results of a Representative, Population-Based Telephone Survey" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 12, no. 11: 14260-14274. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph121114260