Changes of Heavy Metals in Pollutant Release and Transfer Registers (PRTRs) in Korea
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Chemical Data
2.2. Modeling Process
3. Results
3.1. Changes in Released Amount of Materials
Heavy Metals | Cr | Pb | Sn | Zn | Ni | Cd | Cu | Mn |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pb | 0.18 * | |||||||
Sn | 0.33 ** | 0.29 ** | ||||||
Zn | 0.37 ** | 0.29 ** | 0.25 ** | |||||
Ni | 0.36 ** | 0.01 | 0.18 * | 0.15 | ||||
Cd | 0.18 * | 0.17 * | 0.33 ** | 0.28 ** | 0.19 * | |||
Cu | 0.35 ** | 0.22 ** | 0.25 ** | 0.33 ** | 0.33 ** | 0.21 * | ||
Mn | 0.11 | 0.17 * | 0.14 | 0.55 ** | 0.11 | 0.30 ** | 0.49 ** | |
Sb | 0.21 * | 0.52 ** | 0.47 ** | 0.32 ** | 0.08 | 0.26 ** | 0.50 ** | 0.53 ** |
3.2. Differences of Nine Heavy Metals in Space and Time
Industrial Types | SOM Clusters | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |
Chemical products | 28.6 (4.9) a | 28.5 (5.7) a | 12.7 (2.5) b | 5.2 (1.0) b |
Metal products | 44.7 (7.1) a | 48.2 (7.7) a | 17.7 (3.7) b | 7.9 (2.6) b |
Textiles | 1.8 (0.6) ab | 3.8 (1.0) a | 1.3 (0.4) ab | 0.2 (0.1) b |
Electronic components | 16.4 (3.8) ab | 12.3 (2.9) a | 1.8 (0.4) bc | 3.5 (0.6) c |
Machinery and equipment | 10.1 (1.5) a | 7.6 (1.1) ab | 5.1 (1.1) bc | 1.9 (0.6) c |
Food products | 1.0 (0.4) a | 1.5 (0.4) a | 0.2 (0.1) ab | 0.0 (0.0) b |
Non-metallic mineral products | 8.0 (2.0) a | 2.8 (0.5) a | 1.6 (0.5) b | 0.8 (0.2) b |
Transport equipment | 4.6 (1.0) ab | 6.8 (1.2) a | 3.3 (0.5) ab | 2.2 (0.5) b |
Others | 7.5 (1.3) a | 4.4 (1.0) a | 0.6 (0.2) b | 0.7 (0.2) b |
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Kwon, Y.-S.; Bae, M.-J.; Park, Y.-S. Changes of Heavy Metals in Pollutant Release and Transfer Registers (PRTRs) in Korea. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2014, 11, 2381-2394. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110302381
Kwon Y-S, Bae M-J, Park Y-S. Changes of Heavy Metals in Pollutant Release and Transfer Registers (PRTRs) in Korea. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2014; 11(3):2381-2394. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110302381
Chicago/Turabian StyleKwon, Yong-Su, Mi-Jung Bae, and Young-Seuk Park. 2014. "Changes of Heavy Metals in Pollutant Release and Transfer Registers (PRTRs) in Korea" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 11, no. 3: 2381-2394. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110302381