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• González-Aguilera, D
• Muñoz-Nieto, A
• Gómez-Lahoz, J
• Herrero-Pascual, J
• Gutierrez-Alonso, G
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• González-Aguilera, D
• Muñoz-Nieto, A
• Gómez-Lahoz, J
• Herrero-Pascual, J
• Gutierrez-Alonso, G
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• González-Aguilera, D
• Muñoz-Nieto, A
• Gómez-Lahoz, J
• Herrero-Pascual, J
• Gutierrez-Alonso, G

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Sensors 2009, 9(2), 1108-1127; doi:10.3390/s90201108

Article

3D Digital Surveying and Modelling of Cave Geometry: Application to Paleolithic Rock Art

Diego González-Aguilera^1,* , Angel Muñoz-Nieto¹ , Javier Gómez-Lahoz¹ , Jesus Herrero-Pascual¹  and Gabriel Gutierrez-Alonso²

¹ Cartographic and Land Engineering Department. University of Salamanca, Hornos Caleros, 50, 05003 Avila, Spain ² Geology Department. Faculty of Sciences. University of Salamanca, Plaza de los Caidos s/n, 37008 Salamanca, Spain

* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: 5 December 2008; in revised form: 18 February 2009 / Accepted: 20 February 2009 / Published: 20 February 2009

(This article belongs to the Section Remote Sensors)

Download PDF Full-Text [1125 KB, uploaded 24 February 2009 17:23 CET]

Abstract: 3D digital surveying and modelling of cave geometry represents a relevant approach for research, management and preservation of our cultural and geological legacy. In this paper, a multi-sensor approach based on a terrestrial laser scanner, a high-resolution digital camera and a total station is presented. Two emblematic caves of Paleolithic human occupation and situated in northern Spain, “Las Caldas” and “Peña de Candamo”, have been chosen to put in practise this approach. As a result, an integral and multi-scalable 3D model is generated which may allow other scientists, pre-historians, geologists…, to work on two different levels, integrating different Paleolithic Art datasets: (1) a basic level based on the accurate and metric support provided by the laser scanner; and (2) a advanced level using the range and image-based modelling.

Keywords: Archaeological; remote sensing; caves; active sensor; laser scanning; point-based techniques; close-range photogrammetry

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