Sensors 2012, 12(12), 17553-17568; doi:10.3390/s121217553
Article

Glyphosate Detection by Means of a Voltammetric Electronic Tongue and Discrimination of Potential Interferents

Román Bataller 1 email, Inmaculada Campos 1,2,3 email, Nicolas Laguarda-Miro 1,4 email, Miguel Alcañiz 1,5 email, Juan Soto 1,2,* email, Ramón Martínez-Máñez 1,2,3 email, Luís Gil 1,5 email, Eduardo García-Breijo 1,5 email and Javier Ibáñez-Civera 1,5 email
1 Centro de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Unidad Mixta Universidad Politécnica de Valencia–Universidad de Valencia de Valéncia, Camino de Vera s/n, E-46022 Valencia, Spain 2 Departamento de Química, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, E-46022 Valencia, Spain 3 CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nano medicina (CIBER-BBN), Bellaterra, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain 4 Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Nuclear, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera, s/n, E-46022 Valencia, Spain 5 Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica. Universidad Politécnica de Valencia. Camino de Vera, s/n, E-46022 Valencia, Spain
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 20 September 2012; in revised form: 11 December 2012 / Accepted: 13 December 2012 / Published: 18 December 2012
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensor-Based Technologies and Processes in Agriculture and Forestry)
PDF Full-text Download PDF Full-Text [395 KB, uploaded 18 December 2012 11:39 CET]
Abstract: A new electronic tongue to monitor the presence of glyphosate (a non-selective systemic herbicide) has been developed. It is based on pulse voltammetry and consists in an array of three working electrodes (Pt, Co and Cu) encapsulated on a methacrylate cylinder. The electrochemical response of the sensing array was characteristic of the presence of glyphosate in buffered water (phosphate buffer 0.1 mol·dm−3, pH 6.7). Rotating disc electrode (RDE) studies were carried out with Pt, Co and Cu electrodes in water at room temperature and at pH 6.7 using 0.1 mol·dm−3 of phosphate as a buffer. In the presence of glyphosate, the corrosion current of the Cu and Co electrodes increased significantly, probably due to the formation of Cu2+ or Co2+ complexes. The pulse array waveform for the voltammetric tongue was designed by taking into account some of the redox processes observed in the electrochemical studies. The PCA statistical analysis required four dimensions to explain 95% of variance. Moreover, a two-dimensional representation of the two principal components differentiated the water mixtures containing glyphosate. Furthermore, the PLS statistical analyses allowed the creation of a model to correlate the electrochemical response of the electrodes with glyphosate concentrations, even in the presence of potential interferents such as humic acids and Ca2+. The system offers a PLS prediction model for glyphosate detection with values of 098, −2.3 × 10−5 and 0.94 for the slope, the intercept and the regression coefficient, respectively, which is in agreement with the good fit between the predicted and measured concentrations. The results suggest the feasibility of this system to help develop electronic tongues for glyphosate detection.
Keywords: glyphosate; electronic tongue; rotating disk electrodes; PLS

Article Statistics

Click here to load and display the download statistics.

Cite This Article

MDPI and ACS Style

Bataller, R.; Campos, I.; Laguarda-Miro, N.; Alcañiz, M.; Soto, J.; Martínez-Máñez, R.; Gil, L.; García-Breijo, E.; Ibáñez-Civera, J. Glyphosate Detection by Means of a Voltammetric Electronic Tongue and Discrimination of Potential Interferents. Sensors 2012, 12, 17553-17568.

AMA Style

Bataller R, Campos I, Laguarda-Miro N, Alcañiz M, Soto J, Martínez-Máñez R, Gil L, García-Breijo E, Ibáñez-Civera J. Glyphosate Detection by Means of a Voltammetric Electronic Tongue and Discrimination of Potential Interferents. Sensors. 2012; 12(12):17553-17568.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bataller, Román; Campos, Inmaculada; Laguarda-Miro, Nicolas; Alcañiz, Miguel; Soto, Juan; Martínez-Máñez, Ramón; Gil, Luís; García-Breijo, Eduardo; Ibáñez-Civera, Javier. 2012. "Glyphosate Detection by Means of a Voltammetric Electronic Tongue and Discrimination of Potential Interferents." Sensors 12, no. 12: 17553-17568.

Sensors EISSN 1424-8220 Published by MDPI AG, Basel, Switzerland RSS E-Mail Table of Contents Alert