Sensors 2011, 11(7), 6645-6655; doi:10.3390/s110706645
Communication

Biofunctionalized Zinc Oxide Field Effect Transistors for Selective Sensing of Riboflavin with Current Modulation

Joshua A. Hagen 1,* email, Sang N. Kim 2 email, Burhan Bayraktaroglu 3 email, Kevin Leedy 3 email, Jorge L. Chávez 1 email, Nancy Kelley-Loughnane 1 email, Rajesh R. Naik 2 email and Morley O. Stone 1 email
1 711th Human Performance Wing, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Air Force Research Labs, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45433, USA 2 Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Labs, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45433, USA 3 Sensors Directorate, Air Force Research Labs, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45433, USA
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 1 May 2011; in revised form: 1 June 2011 / Accepted: 20 June 2011 / Published: 27 June 2011
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nano-Biosensors)
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Abstract: Zinc oxide field effect transistors (ZnO-FET), covalently functionalized with single stranded DNA aptamers, provide a highly selective platform for label-free small molecule sensing. The nanostructured surface morphology of ZnO provides high sensitivity and room temperature deposition allows for a wide array of substrate types. Herein we demonstrate the selective detection of riboflavin down to the pM level in aqueous solution using the negative electrical current response of the ZnO-FET by covalently attaching a riboflavin binding aptamer to the surface. The response of the biofunctionalized ZnO-FET was tuned by attaching a redox tag (ferrocene) to the 3’ terminus of the aptamer, resulting in positive current modulation upon exposure to riboflavin down to pM levels.
Keywords: aptamer; biomolecular detection; ZnO-FET; sensor; riboflavin; selectivity; label-free; biofunctionalization

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Cite This Article

MDPI and ACS Style

Hagen, J.A.; Kim, S.N.; Bayraktaroglu, B.; Leedy, K.; Chávez, J.L.; Kelley-Loughnane, N.; Naik, R.R.; Stone, M.O. Biofunctionalized Zinc Oxide Field Effect Transistors for Selective Sensing of Riboflavin with Current Modulation. Sensors 2011, 11, 6645-6655.

AMA Style

Hagen JA, Kim SN, Bayraktaroglu B, Leedy K, Chávez JL, Kelley-Loughnane N, Naik RR, Stone MO. Biofunctionalized Zinc Oxide Field Effect Transistors for Selective Sensing of Riboflavin with Current Modulation. Sensors. 2011; 11(7):6645-6655.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hagen, Joshua A.; Kim, Sang N.; Bayraktaroglu, Burhan; Leedy, Kevin; Chávez, Jorge L.; Kelley-Loughnane, Nancy; Naik, Rajesh R.; Stone, Morley O. 2011. "Biofunctionalized Zinc Oxide Field Effect Transistors for Selective Sensing of Riboflavin with Current Modulation." Sensors 11, no. 7: 6645-6655.

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