Circadian Rhythms of Retinomotor Movement in a Marine Megapredator, the Atlantic Tarpon, Megalops atlanticus
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Tarpon Exposed to 12L:12D (LD)
2.2. Effects of Constant Darkness (DD)
2.3. Effects of Phase-Advancing the LD Cycle (AdvL)
2.4. Effects of Exposure to Constant Light (LL)
3. Discussion
4. Methods
4.1. Animal Collection and Housing
4.2. Experimental Treatment
4.3. Immunofluorescence
4.4. Data Analysis
4.4.1. Extent of Retinomotor Movement
4.4.2. Statistical Analyses
Supplementary Materials
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Mean Rod Myoid Lengths (µm) | ||||||||
LD | DD | AdvL | LL | |||||
Time Point | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD |
08:00 | 67.42 | 3.14 | 33.33 | 6.02 | 54.05 | 3.40 | 53.29 | 3.27 |
12:00 | 69.90 | 1.31 | 34.73 | 2.04 | 59.05 | 13.94 | 52.73 | 8.35 |
16:00 | 70.77 | 4.86 | 33.56 | 3.81 | 36.47 | 1.91 | 53.59 | 6.98 |
20:00 | 38.24 | 5.06 | 40.98 | 13.59 | 41.51 | 2.71 | 53.72 | 2.39 |
00:00 | 35.19 | 2.18 | 31.58 | 1.95 | 38.48 | 0.61 | 74.50 | 22.14 |
04:00 | 38.93 | 4.13 | 35.36 | 6.57 | 55.38 | 2.92 | 55.05 | 2.62 |
Mean Cone Myoid Lengths (µm) | ||||||||
LD | DD | AdvL | LL | |||||
Time Point | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD |
08:00 | 38.25 | 3.59 | 51.42 | 11.95 | 35.14 | 0.88 | 34.80 | 3.35 |
12:00 | 37.27 | 3.52 | 48.05 | 2.72 | 36.45 | 4.68 | 35.25 | 5.36 |
16:00 | 37.17 | 1.43 | 62.54 | 23.77 | 61.58 | 12.21 | 34.53 | 4.85 |
20:00 | 72.21 | 10.92 | 83.56 | 8.17 | 88.44 | 14.57 | 36.32 | 2.66 |
00:00 | 101.08 | 10.56 | 77.28 | 6.85 | 78.47 | 8.37 | 46.01 | 15.92 |
04:00 | 103.14 | 14.14 | 69.33 | 1.71 | 37.98 | 3.00 | 37.45 | 1.51 |
LD | Replicate | AdvL | Replicate | ||||
Time Point | 1 | 2 | 3 | Time Point | 1 | 2 | 3 |
08:00 | 121 | 151 | 107 | 08:00 | 98 | 90 | 96 |
12:00 | 129 | 130 | 116 | 12:00 | 94 | 125 | 99 |
16:00 | 146 | 125 | 97 | 16:00 | 115 | 117 | 125 |
20:00 | 152 | 142 | 111 | 20:00 | 126 | 126 | 99 |
00:00 | 127 | 133 | 98 | 00:00 | 89 | 113 | 112 |
04:00 | 151 | 136 | 102 | 04:00 | 102 | 113 | 126 |
DD | Replicate | LL | Replicate | ||||
Time Point | 1 | 2 | 3 | Time Point | 1 | 2 | 3 |
08:00 | 102 | 92 | 84 | 08:00 | 118 | 91 | 92 |
12:00 | 116 | 98 | 88 | 12:00 | 96 | 83 | 108 |
16:00 | 117 | 89 | 87 | 16:00 | 101 | 100 | 85 |
20:00 | 98 | 104 | 86 | 20:00 | 101 | 93 | 88 |
00:00 | 105 | 105 | 99 | 00:00 | 120 | 100 | 101 |
04:00 | 110 | 98 | 99 | 04:00 | 109 | 94 | 86 |
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Kopperud, K.L.; Grace, M.S. Circadian Rhythms of Retinomotor Movement in a Marine Megapredator, the Atlantic Tarpon, Megalops atlanticus. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017, 18, 2068. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18102068
Kopperud KL, Grace MS. Circadian Rhythms of Retinomotor Movement in a Marine Megapredator, the Atlantic Tarpon, Megalops atlanticus. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2017; 18(10):2068. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18102068
Chicago/Turabian StyleKopperud, Kristin L., and Michael S. Grace. 2017. "Circadian Rhythms of Retinomotor Movement in a Marine Megapredator, the Atlantic Tarpon, Megalops atlanticus" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 18, no. 10: 2068. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18102068