Rational Design of Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Small Moleculesas Donating Materials for Organic Solar Cells
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Frontier Molecular Orbitals
Species | HOMOs | LUMOs | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BEDPP a | CB b | Ar c | BEDPP a | CB b | Ar c | |
1a | 55.3 | 30.2 | 14.5 | 46.8 | 37.8 | 15.4 |
1b | 61.1 | 29.2 | 9.7 | 48.3 | 37.5 | 14.2 |
1c | 58.7 | 29.0 | 12.4 | 28.0 | 25.3 | 46.8 |
1d | 52.1 | 28.5 | 19.4 | 23.4 | 23.3 | 53.3 |
1e | 55.2 | 28.2 | 16.6 | 55.3 | 40.2 | 4.50 |
2a | 54.4 | 30.7 | 14.9 | 52.6 | 33.1 | 14.3 |
2b | 57.9 | 30.2 | 11.9 | 52.7 | 32.7 | 14.6 |
2c | 56.6 | 29.8 | 13.6 | 31.0 | 21.1 | 47.9 |
2d | 54.6 | 27.7 | 17.7 | 26.4 | 19.3 | 54.4 |
2e | 51.4 | 29.2 | 19.4 | 60.0 | 34.2 | 5.80 |
2.2. Absorption Spectra
Species | λabs (nm) | f | Main configurations | R (nm) a |
---|---|---|---|---|
1a | 599 | 0.97 | H → L (0.71) | 295 |
1b | 588 | 0.98 | H → L (0.71) | 281 |
1c | 684 | 0.82 | H → L (0.70) | 340 |
1d | 746 | 0.80 | H → L (0.70) | 387 |
1e | 575 | 0.87 | H → L (0.70) | 261 |
2a | 583 | 0.74 | H → L (0.71) | 209 |
2b | 581 | 0.81 | H → L (0.71) | 288 |
2c | 669 | 0.61 | H → L (0.70) | 354 |
2d | 716 | 0.56 | H → L (0.70) | 357 |
2e | 574 | 0.73 | H → L (0.70) | 271 |
Exp b | 590 |
2.3. Reorganization Energies
Species | λh | λe |
---|---|---|
1a | 0.293 | 0.160 |
1b | 0.295 | 0.199 |
1c | 0.266 | 0.154 |
1d | 0.258 | 0.171 |
1e | 0.489 | 0.285 |
2a | 0.301 | 0.153 |
2b | 0.291 | 0.159 |
2c | 0.273 | 0.143 |
2d | 0.287 | 0.191 |
2e | 0.426 | 0.210 |
2.4. Calculated Crystal Structure and Transport Properties
Space Groups | Pathway | Distance (Å) | Electron Coupling (eV) | Hole Coupling (eV) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Pī | 1 | 13.450 | −9.00 × 10−3 | −3.22 × 10−4 |
2 | 13.450 | −9.00 × 10−3 | −3.22× 10−4 | |
3 | 16.936 | −3.28 × 10−7 | 1.25 × 10−6 | |
4 | 16.936 | −3.28 × 10−7 | 1.25 × 10−6 | |
5 | 11.223 | 1.50 × 10−3 | −3.20 × 10−3 | |
6 | 13.509 | 1.50 × 10−8 | 1.04 × 10−8 | |
Pbca | 1 | 13.373 | −5.86 × 10−6 | 8.19 × 10−6 |
2 | 13.373 | −5.86 × 10−6 | 8.19 × 10−6 | |
3 | 14.824 | −5.80 × 10−3 | 2.50 × 10−3 | |
4 | 14.824 | −5.80 × 10−3 | 2.50 × 10−3 | |
5 | 14.824 | −5.80 × 10−3 | 2.50 × 10−3 | |
6 | 15.591 | −6.50 × 10−3 | 5.79 × 10−4 |
Species | Space Groups | Electron Mobility | Hole Mobility |
---|---|---|---|
1a | P212121 | 1.05 × 10−2 | 8.18 × 10−3 |
1b | Pna21 | 2.21 × 10−4 | 1.18 × 10−4 |
1c | Pī | 8.97 × 10−2 | 2.00 × 10−3 |
1c | Pbca | 5.11 × 10−2 | 2.14 × 10−3 |
1d | C2/c | 0.136 | 9.57 × 10−3 |
1e | P21/c | 2.45 × 10−6 | 7.75 × 10−6 |
2a | P21 | 7.561 × 10−3 | 1.77 × 10−3 |
2b | P21 | 4.22 × 10−5 | 7.13 × 10−2 |
2c | Cc | 8.18 × 10−4 | 1.31 × 10−5 |
2d | P212121 | 3.14 × 10−5 | 2.56 × 10−5 |
2e | Pī | 2.55 × 10−5 | 1.78 × 10−5 |
3. Computational Methods
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Jin, R.; Wang, K. Rational Design of Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Small Moleculesas Donating Materials for Organic Solar Cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2015, 16, 20326-20343. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms160920326
Jin R, Wang K. Rational Design of Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Small Moleculesas Donating Materials for Organic Solar Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2015; 16(9):20326-20343. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms160920326
Chicago/Turabian StyleJin, Ruifa, and Kai Wang. 2015. "Rational Design of Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Small Moleculesas Donating Materials for Organic Solar Cells" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 16, no. 9: 20326-20343. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms160920326