Diagnostic Potential of Differentially Expressed Homer1, IL-1β, and TNF-α in Coronary Artery Disease
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Patient Characteristics
Characteristics | Control | AMI | UAP | SAP |
---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 68) | (n = 65) | (n = 53) | (n = 45) | |
Sex (M/F) | 40/28 | 47/18 | 38/15 | 33/12 |
Age (years) | 62.44 ± 0.70 | 62.80 ± 1.39 | 63.29 ± 1.12 | 63.01 ± 0.93 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 24.51 ± 3.31 | 25.90 ± 4.03 | 26.12 ± 4.17 | 25.77 ± 3.39 |
Somking, n (%) | 12 (17.6%) | 10 (15.4%) | 7 (13.2%) | 7 (15.6%) |
Hypertension, n (%) | 31 (45.6%) | 35 (53.8%) | 28 (52.8%) | 23 (51.1%) |
Diabetes, n (%) | 18 (26.4%) | 25 (38.5%) | 21 (39.6%) | 17 (37.8%) |
Hypercholesterolemia | 3 (4.4%) | 7 (11.5%) | 6 (11.3%) | 3 (6.7%) |
CHOL (mg/dL) | 155.45 ± 15.85 | 171.69 ± 8.89 | 168.98 ± 8.12 | 159.70 ± 14.69 |
TG (mg/dL) | 128.39 ± 38.95 | 166.46 ± 24.79 | 147.87 ± 30.10 | 143.44 ± 23.90 |
HDL-C (mg/dL) | 49.49 ± 25.90 | 37.13 ± 15.46 * | 41.77 ± 30.16 | 43.70 ± 13.14 |
LDL-C (mg/dL) | 103.24 ± 35.18 | 105.57 ± 33.64 | 95.13 ± 25.52 | 101.32 ± 32.09 |
GLU (mg/dL) | 98.75 ± 21.98 | 112.63 ± 37.84 | 107.76 ± 24.68 | 101.99 ± 27.75 |
Lp (a) (mg/L) | 211.20 ± 11.17 | 278.21 ± 23.01 ** | 283.70 ± 33.32 ** | 244.63 ± 13.60 * |
2.2. The mRNA Levels of Homer and the Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine IL-1β and TNF-α in Peripheral Blood Leukocytes from CAD Patients
2.3. Subgroup Analyses
Gene | Subgroup | Sample Size | Expression * | p | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Controls | CAD | Controls | CAD | |||
Homer1 | Hypertension | 31 | 86 | 0.012 (0.007, 0.018) | 0.031 (0.018, 0.082) | <0.001 |
Normotension | 37 | 77 | 0.003 (0.002, 0.008) | 0.009 (0.004, 0.022) | 0.001 | |
Diabetes | 18 | 63 | 0.016 (0.010, 0.022) | 0.028 (0.013, 0.080) | 0.001 | |
Euglycemia | 50 | 100 | 0.003 (0.001, 0.008) | 0.017 (0.007, 0.044) | <0.001 | |
Homer2 | Hypertension | 31 | 86 | 0.007 (0.003, 0.012) | 0.008 (0.004, 0.012) | 0.602 |
Normotension | 37 | 77 | 0.006 (0.004, 0.009) | 0.007 (0.003, 0.014) | 0.635 | |
Diabetes | 18 | 63 | 0.005 (0.003, 0.013) | 0.008 (0.003, 0.011) | 0.479 | |
Euglycemia | 50 | 100 | 0.006 (0.004, 0.009) | 0.007 (0.003, 0.017) | 0.473 | |
Homer3 | Hypertension | 31 | 86 | 0.011 (0.008, 0.014) | 0.012 (0.006, 0.025) | 0.693 |
Normotension | 37 | 77 | 0.015 (0.010, 0.026) | 0.011 (0.005, 0.019) | 0.065 | |
Diabetes | 18 | 63 | 0.015 (0.013, 0.027) | 0.014 (0.005, 0.028) | 0.428 | |
Euglycemia | 50 | 100 | 0.011 (0.008, 0.017) | 0.009 (0.005, 0.019) | 0.316 | |
IL-1β | Hypertension | 31 | 86 | 0.014 (0.007, 0.024) | 0.035 (0.019, 0.058) | <0.001 |
Normotension | 37 | 77 | 0.011 (0.007, 0.032) | 0.021 (0.007, 0.029) | 0.162 | |
Diabetes | 18 | 63 | 0.019 (0.009, 0.034) | 0.031 (0.016, 0.051) | 0.017 | |
Euglycemia | 50 | 100 | 0.011 (0.007, 0.023) | 0.018 (0.009, 0.026) | 0.241 | |
TNF-α | Hypertension | 31 | 86 | 0.003 (0.002, 0.004) | 0.006 (0.005, 0.010) | <0.001 |
Normotension | 37 | 77 | 0.002 (0.001, 0.006) | 0.003 (0.002, 0.006) | 0.148 | |
Diabetes | 18 | 63 | 0.006 (0.003, 0.008) | 0.008 (0.006, 0.013) | 0.025 | |
Euglycemia | 50 | 100 | 0.002 (0.001, 0.005) | 0.003 (0.002, 0.006) | 0.121 |
2.4. The Diagnostic Value of Homer1, IL-1β, and TNF-α in AMI, UAP, and SAP Respectively
Group | Gene | AUC | 95% CI | p | Se (%) | Sp (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AMI | IL-1β | 0.711 | 0.617–0.805 | <0.0001 | 61.7 | 76.7 |
TNF | 0.713 | 0.612–0.804 | <0.0001 | 61.7 | 76.7 | |
Homer1 | 0.766 | 0.682–0.849 | <0.0001 | 58.3 | 85.0 | |
UAP | IL-1β | 0.618 | 0.506–0.729 | 0.049 | 66.7 | 55.0 |
TNF | 0.659 | 0.548–0.769 | 0.008 | 61.5 | 75.0 | |
Homer1 | 0.803 | 0.715–0.890 | <0.0001 | 69.2 | 83.3 | |
SAP | IL-1β | 0.620 | 0.507–0.732 | 0.036 | 53.3 | 76.7 |
TNF | 0.687 | 0.583–0.792 | 0.001 | 68.9 | 61.7 | |
Homer1 | 0.720 | 0.622–0.818 | <0.0001 | 57.8 | 81.7 |
3. Discussion
4. Experimental Section
4.1. Patients
4.2. RNA Isolation
4.3. Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reation
4.4. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Jing, X.; Chen, S.-S.; Jing, W.; Tan, Q.; Yu, M.-X.; Tu, J.-C. Diagnostic Potential of Differentially Expressed Homer1, IL-1β, and TNF-α in Coronary Artery Disease. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2015, 16, 535-546. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms16010535
Jing X, Chen S-S, Jing W, Tan Q, Yu M-X, Tu J-C. Diagnostic Potential of Differentially Expressed Homer1, IL-1β, and TNF-α in Coronary Artery Disease. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2015; 16(1):535-546. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms16010535
Chicago/Turabian StyleJing, Xuan, Shan-Shan Chen, Wei Jing, Qian Tan, Ming-Xia Yu, and Jian-Cheng Tu. 2015. "Diagnostic Potential of Differentially Expressed Homer1, IL-1β, and TNF-α in Coronary Artery Disease" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 16, no. 1: 535-546. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms16010535