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Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2013, 14(1), 1713-1727; doi:10.3390/ijms14011713

Review

CXCR4/CXCL12 in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Metastasis to the Brain

Sebastiano Cavallaro

Functional Genomics Center, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Italian National Research Council, Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, Catania 95125, Italy

Received: 12 November 2012; in revised form: 4 January 2013 / Accepted: 7 January 2013 / Published: 15 January 2013

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Brain Metastasis)

Download PDF Full-Text [721 KB, uploaded 15 January 2013 12:10 CET]

Abstract: Lung cancer represents the leading cause of cancer-related mortality throughout the world. Patients die of local progression, disseminated disease, or both. At least one third of the people with lung cancer develop brain metastases at some point during their disease, even often before the diagnosis of lung cancer is made. The high rate of brain metastasis makes lung cancer the most common type of tumor to spread to the brain. It is critical to understand the biologic basis of brain metastases to develop novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. This review will focus on the emerging data supporting the involvement of the chemokine CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 in the brain metastatic evolution of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the pharmacological tools that may be used to interfere with this signaling axis.

Keywords: brain metastases; chemokines; CXCL12; CXCR4; lung cancer; metastasis

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