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• Georgescu, S
• Manea, M
• Dudu, A
• Costache, M
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• Georgescu, S
• Manea, M
• Dudu, A
• Costache, M
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• Georgescu, S
• Manea, M
• Dudu, A
• Costache, M

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Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2012, 13(7), 8467-8481; doi:10.3390/ijms13078467

Article

Phylogenetic Relationships of the Mangalitsa Swine Breed Inferred from Mitochondrial DNA Variation

Sergiu Emil Georgescu, Maria Adina Manea, Andreea Dudu and Marieta Costache*

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 91-95, Bucharest 050095, Romania

* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: 15 May 2012; in revised form: 25 June 2012 / Accepted: 26 June 2012 / Published: 9 July 2012

(This article belongs to the Section Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics)

Download PDF Full-Text [304 KB, uploaded 9 July 2012 16:07 CEST]

Abstract: The Mangalitsa pig, a swine breed belonging to the protected gene fund of original and primitive animal breeds of the FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization), has been known to inhabit Romanian territories since the 19th century. The aim of this study was to compare the Mangalitsa breed with several European and Asiatic swine breeds in order to emphasize its uniqueness and to elucidate its origin. For this purpose, we analyzed a 613 bp mitochondrial DNA D-loop fragment and 1140 bp of the cytochrome b gene in a population of Mangalitsa pigs and the polymorphic sites were compared with sequences from GenBank originating from other swine breeds. Taking into account the total of 24 breeds and 5 different Wild Boar populations analyzed, 86 polymorphic sites representing 32 haplotypes were observed, with an average percentage of polymorphic sites of 4.9%. Three Neighbor-Joining phylogenetic trees were constructed based on Kimura 2-parameter distances, using D-loop, cytochrome b and mitochondrial reunited sequences. For the analyzed Mangalitsa population, four distinct haplotypes were identified, including one that was common to other breeds. Our study suggests that the Mangalitsa swine originate from primitive breeds which might be directly derived from the Wild Boar.

Keywords: mangalitsa pig; primitive breed; mitochondrial DNA; phylogeny

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