Preparation of TiO2 Nanocrystallite Powders Coated with 9 mol% ZnO for Cosmetic Applications in Sunscreens
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
3. Experimental Procedure
3.1. Sample Preparation
3.2. Sample Characterization
4. Conclusions
- The rutile TiO2 began to form at 523 K of T-0Z freeze dried precursor powders, and was the dominant phase when calcined at 973 K for 2 h.
- The anatase and rutile TiO2 phases coexist in T-9Z powders when the calcination temperature is below 973 K. When calcined at 1273 K for 2 h, the anatase phase disappears. In addition, the Zn2Ti3O8 first forms when T-9Z freeze dried precursor powders are calcined at 973 K for 2 h. When the T-9Z precursor powders are calcined at 1273 K for 2 h, the Zn2TiO4 forms and the Zn2Ti3O8 disappears.
- The average crystallite sizes of anatase and rutile TiO2 increase with increasing the calcination temperature, but all average crystallite sizes of anatase and rutile TiO2 are smaller than 100 nm for T-0Z and T-9Z freeze dried precursor powders as calcined between 523 and 1275 K for 2 h. In addition, the crystallite size of rutile TiO2 in T-0Z is smaller than that in T-9Z when the freeze dried precursor powders are calcined at 1273 K for 2 h.
- The absorption of T-9Z powders in the UV range has a red-shift effect as the calcination temperature increases. This result shows that TiO2 nanocrystallite powders added with 9 mol% ZnO and calcined at 1273 K for 2 h can be used as an UV-A attenuating agent for cosmetic applications in sunscreens.
Acknowledgments
References
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Calcination Temperature (K) | Crystallite Size T-0Z (nm) | Crystallite Size T-9Z (nm) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Anatase | Rutile | Anatase | Rutile | |
523 | 6.5 ± 0.2 | - | 5.0 ± 0.2 | 5.7 ± 0.2 |
673 | 9.8 ± 0.3 | 13.2 ± 0.2 | 8.6 ± 0.2 | 10.0 ± 0.2 |
773 | 15.5 ± 0.3 | 21.0 ± 0.4 | 12.9 ± 0.2 | 15.7 ± 0.2 |
873 | 16.5 ± 0.3 | 28.9 ± 0.4 | 31.4 ± 0.4 | 34.0 ± 0.4 |
973 | 20.4 ± 0.4 | 37.4 ± 0.5 | - | 48.6 ± 0.4 |
1273 | - | 57.7 ± 0.6 | - | 78.8 ± 0.6 |
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Ko, H.-H.; Chen, H.-T.; Yen, F.-L.; Lu, W.-C.; Kuo, C.-W.; Wang, M.-C. Preparation of TiO2 Nanocrystallite Powders Coated with 9 mol% ZnO for Cosmetic Applications in Sunscreens. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2012, 13, 1658-1669. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms13021658
Ko H-H, Chen H-T, Yen F-L, Lu W-C, Kuo C-W, Wang M-C. Preparation of TiO2 Nanocrystallite Powders Coated with 9 mol% ZnO for Cosmetic Applications in Sunscreens. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2012; 13(2):1658-1669. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms13021658
Chicago/Turabian StyleKo, Horng-Huey, Hui-Ting Chen, Feng-Ling Yen, Wan-Chen Lu, Chih-Wei Kuo, and Moo-Chin Wang. 2012. "Preparation of TiO2 Nanocrystallite Powders Coated with 9 mol% ZnO for Cosmetic Applications in Sunscreens" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 13, no. 2: 1658-1669. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms13021658