Structure Characterization and Hypoglycaemic Activities of Two Polysaccharides from Inonotus obliquus
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Homogeneity and Molecular Weight of HIOP1-S and HIOP2-S
2.2. Monosaccharide Composition of HIOP1-S and HIOP2-S
2.3. FT-IR of HIOP1-S and HIOP2-S
2.4. NMR of HIOP1-S and HIOP2-S
2.5. Ultraviolet Spectrum Scanning of HIOP1-S and HIOP2-S
2.6. Congo Red Test of HIOP1-S and HIOP2-S
2.7. α-Glucosidase Inhibition Activity
2.8. Cytotoxicity of the Polysaccharides at Different Concentrations on HepG2 Cells
2.9. Glucose Consumption Assay
2.10. Effect of HIOP1-S and HIOP2-S on Fasting Blood Glucose in STZ-Induced Diabetic Mice
2.11. Effects of HIOP1-S and HIOP2-S on the Body Weights of STZ-Induced Diabetic Mice
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Materials and Regents
3.2. Extraction, Isolation and Purification of Polysaccharides
3.3. Chemical Composition Analysis of HIOP1-S and HIOP2-S
3.4. Homogeneity and Molecular Weight Analysis
3.5. Monosaccharide Composition Analysis
3.6. Infrared Spectral Analysis (FT-IR)
3.7. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy
3.8. Ultraviolet Spectrum Scanning
3.9. Congo Red Test
3.10. Assay of α-glucosidase Inhibitory Activity
3.11. Cytotoxicity Assay to HepG2 Cells
3.12. Glucose Consumption Assay
3.13. Animal Experiments
3.14. Statistical Analysis
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Availability: Samples of the compounds HIOP1-S and HIOP2-S are available from the authors. |
Sample | HIOP1-S (%) | HIOP2-S (%) |
---|---|---|
Carbohydrate | 82.73 ± 3.01 a | 84.62 ± 1.09 a |
Protein | 1.79 ± 0.74 a | 1.93 ± 0.32 a |
Uronic acid | 9.98 ± 1.34 a | 11.45 ± 0.98 a |
Mannose | 1.75 | 9.714 |
Rhamnose | 12.233 | 15.331 |
Glucose | 29.673 | 49.881 |
Galactose | 20.547 | 15.321 |
Xylose | 2.386 | 4.675 |
Arabinose | 15.786 | 5.078 |
Fucose | 17.626 | - |
Polysaccharides | IC50 (µg/mL) |
---|---|
HIOP1-S | 7.875 |
HIOP2-S | 3.841 |
acarbose | 2306.018 |
Groups | Numbers | Dose (mg/kg bw) | Blood Glucose (mmol L−1) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 day | 7 days | 14 days | 21 days | |||
Blank control | 12 | 0 | 7.74 ± 5.30 | 8.72 ± 1.24 | 9.96 ± 1.8 | 9.70 ± 1.70 |
Model group | 12 | 0 | 19.02 ± 7.05 * | 22.81 ± 2.02 | 34.25 ± 1.94 | 19.50 ± 1.86 |
Met | 12 | 125 | 19.95 ± 6.23 * | 18.24 ± 3.95 ** | 25.92 ± 5.98 ** | 16.62 ± 3.2 ** |
HIOP1-S | 12 | 4.5 | 18.24 ± 7.49 * | 21.79 ± 5.02 | 28.04 ± 7.32 | 18.35 ± 3.02 |
HIOP2-S | 12 | 4.5 | 18.53 ± 7.21 * | 18.59 ± 7.69 | 28.25 ± 10.78 | 14.9 ± 5.26 ** |
Groups | Numbers | Dose (mg/kg) | bw/g | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 day | 7 days | 14 days | 21 days | |||
Blank control | 12 | 0 | 24.89 ± 1.35 | 30.05 ± 2.87 | 32.23 ± 2.83 | 34.84 ± 2.87 |
Model group | 12 | 0 | 23.41 ± 1.78 | 25.15 ± 1.73 * | 27.51 ± 1.92 * | 29.22 ± 2.55 * |
Met | 12 | 125 | 24.41 ± 1.63 | 26.75 ± 2.01 * | 28.39 ± 2.15 * | 30.25 ± 2.74 * |
HIOP1-S | 12 | 4.5 | 24.50 ± 2.39 | 27.58 ± 2.34 * | 28.29 ± 2.38 * | 28.41 ± 2.61 * |
HIOP2-S | 12 | 4.5 | 23.95 ± 1.69 | 25.59 ± 3.29 * | 26.97 ± 2.75 * | 28.31 ± 2.92 * |
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Liu, P.; Xue, J.; Tong, S.; Dong, W.; Wu, P. Structure Characterization and Hypoglycaemic Activities of Two Polysaccharides from Inonotus obliquus. Molecules 2018, 23, 1948. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23081948
Liu P, Xue J, Tong S, Dong W, Wu P. Structure Characterization and Hypoglycaemic Activities of Two Polysaccharides from Inonotus obliquus. Molecules. 2018; 23(8):1948. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23081948
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Ping, Jiao Xue, Shisheng Tong, Wenxia Dong, and Peipei Wu. 2018. "Structure Characterization and Hypoglycaemic Activities of Two Polysaccharides from Inonotus obliquus" Molecules 23, no. 8: 1948. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23081948