Seasonal Variation and Resin Composition in the Andean Tree Austrocedrus chilensis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
Tree | Sex | Sample number | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
February 2011 | June 2011 | November 2010 | ||
1 | Female | 101, 102, 103, 104 | 201, 202, 203 | 01, 02, 03, 04 |
2 | Male | 105, 106 | 204, 205 | NC |
3 | Female | 109, 110 | 209 | 05, 06, 07 |
4 | Female | 111, 112 | 210 | 08, 09, 10 |
5 | Male | 113, 114 | 211, 212 | 11, 12 |
6 | Male | 115 | 213, 214 | 13, 14, 15 |
7 | Male | 107, 108 | 206, 207, 208 | NC |
Compound number | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | |
Sex | ||||||||||||
Female | ||||||||||||
101 | 2.8 | Nd | 4.1 | 9.8 | 3.3 | 6.2 | 7.3 | 27.8 | 9.9 | Nd | 9.5 | 9.2 |
102 | 3.3 | Nd | 3.3 | 10.8 | 2.5 | 2.7 | 4.9 | 35.7 | 11.6 | 1.9 | 10.8 | 7.8 |
103 | 1.9 | Nd | Nd | 10.9 | Nd | Nd | Nd | 42.3 | 20.0 | Nd | 10.0 | 12.1 |
104 | 2.7 | Nd | 1.7 | 13.5 | 1.2 | 2.5 | 3.3 | 39.6 | 12.4 | 1.9 | 10.0 | 7.5 |
109 | 6.3 | Nd | 7.8 | 8.4 | 4.5 | Nd | 29.5 | 17.6 | 7.2 | Nd | 3.4 | 8.8 |
110 | 3.9 | Nd | 2.2 | 14.0 | Nd | 1.1 | 1.4 | 32.5 | 17.2 | 2.4 | 3.9 | 12.5 |
111 | 5.9 | Nd | 3.7 | 8.5 | 5.0 | 5.5 | 13.3 | 23.8 | 9.1 | 1.2 | 3.7 | 10.5 |
112 | 4.7 | Nd | 5.5 | 9.1 | 3.8 | 5.0 | 14.1 | 22.3 | 10.4 | 1.0 | 3.1 | 9.3 |
Male | ||||||||||||
105 | 1.2 | Nd | Nd | 7.8 | Nd | Nd | Nd | 45.0 | 23.4 | 2.5 | 3.9 | 11.9 |
106 | Nd | Nd | Nd | 6.6 | Nd | Nd | Nd | 44.5 | 26.2 | 3.6 | 4.3 | 12.7 |
107 | 4.2 | Nd | Nd | 10.4 | 1.9 | 3.3 | 21.5 | 24.5 | 12.4 | 1.8 | 5.2 | 9.3 |
108 | 3.8 | Nd | Nd | 10.4 | Nd | 4.4 | 17.2 | 23.6 | 11.9 | 1.9 | 4.8 | 8.9 |
113 | 6.2 | Nd | 6.5 | 11.5 | Nd | Nd | Nd | 31.5 | 12.5 | Nd | 5.8 | 9.5 |
114 | 8.5 | Nd | 7.9 | 10.6 | Nd | Nd | Nd | 28.9 | 8.9 | Nd | 5.9 | 10.9 |
115 | 0.9 | Nd | Nd | 9.6 | Nd | Nd | Nd | 33.1 | 30.2 | 2.9 | 4.5 | 14.2 |
Sex | Compound number | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | |
Female | ||||||||||||
201 | 2.4 | 5.9 | 2.1 | 12.3 | 1.8 | 3.1 | Nd | 30.2 | 14.9 | 2.9 | 4.5 | 15.9 |
202 | 2.5 | 8.5 | 2.6 | 13.9 | 1.5 | 4.3 | Nd | 24.4 | 14.8 | 2.4 | 5.6 | 16.7 |
203 | 1.7 | 4.2 | 1.8 | 11.0 | 1.6 | 2.4 | Nd | 34.1 | 18.6 | 2.4 | 4.4 | 14.9 |
209 | 3.8 | 27.8 | 7.2 | 7.3 | 2.7 | 2.1 | Nd | 16.9 | 9.1 | 0.3 | 2.7 | 7.8 |
210 | 2.7 | 3.3 | 1.4 | 12.6 | 1.3 | 2.9 | Nd | 32.3 | 15.3 | 2.6 | 3.4 | 14.9 |
Male | ||||||||||||
204 | Nd | 1.7 | Nd | 12.1 | Nd | Nd | Nd | 42.8 | 23.5 | 1.9 | 1.4 | 14.2 |
205 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 0.7 | 9.4 | Nd | Nd | Nd | 48.4 | 17.4 | 2.0 | 2.5 | 12.9 |
206 | 2.7 | 27.3 | 2.7 | 8.6 | 0.9 | Nd | Nd | 21.2 | 11.6 | 1.9 | 2.9 | 9.0 |
207 | 3.2 | 31.8 | 3.3 | 6.4 | 2.9 | Nd | Nd | 17.9 | 11.0 | 0.0 | 2.9 | 8.7 |
208 | 2.4 | 23.7 | 3.2 | 8.4 | 1.5 | 1.7 | Nd | 21.5 | 11.1 | 0.3 | 3.9 | 8.3 |
211 | 5.8 | 1.0 | 8.3 | 15.2 | Nd | Nd | Nd | 24.6 | 9.5 | 1.0 | 4.3 | 17.3 |
212 | Nd | Nd | 12.6 | 10.3 | Nd | Nd | Nd | 25.8 | 9.2 | 1.1 | 4.1 | 13.8 |
213 | 2.6 | 4.8 | 2.0 | 13.7 | 1.5 | 1.7 | Nd | 39.9 | 14.4 | 0.6 | 2.7 | 10.8 |
214 | 2.6 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 12.9 | 1.5 | 2.4 | Nd | 36.8 | 15.1 | 2.8 | 3.1 | 11.2 |
Sex | Compound number | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | |
Female | ||||||||||||
01 | Nd | Nd | Nd | 4.0 | Nd | 1.0 | 0.1 | 85.0 | 3.2 | 0.7 | 2.7 | 3.0 |
02 | 2.4 | Nd | Nd | 22.5 | Nd | Nd | Nd | 35.5 | 11.4 | 1.9 | 17.3 | Nd |
03 | Nd | 4.2 | Nd | 17.6 | Nd | 4.7 | Nd | 28.3 | 11.9 | 3.0 | 4.9 | 12.0 |
04 | Nd | 4.1 | Nd | 8.8 | Nd | Nd | Nd | 51.7 | 12.1 | 1.1 | 9.7 | 11.6 |
05 | 1.7 | Nd | Nd | 20.9 | Nd | Nd | Nd | 36.4 | 16.5 | 1.9 | 8.0 | 10.3 |
06 | 3.5 | Nd | Nd | 19.4 | Nd | Nd | Nd | 38.7 | 18.6 | 1.8 | 5.1 | 11.2 |
07 | Nd | Nd | Nd | 25.9 | Nd | Nd | Nd | 31.6 | 23.4 | 2.1 | 3.3 | 13.7 |
08 | 4.9 | Nd | Nd | 10.3 | 3.2 | 4.5 | 19.8 | 20.7 | 11.0 | Nd | 2.3 | 11.4 |
09 | 5.3 | Nd | 7.7 | 12.8 | 4.8 | 11.4 | 21.2 | 13.6 | 4.9 | 2.1 | 3.0 | 13.7 |
10 | Nd | 7.5 | 5.5 | 34.3 | Nd | 7.8 | Nd | 6.8 | 0.1 | 9.1 | 7.2 | 17.7 |
Male | ||||||||||||
11 | 2.8 | Nd | 5.6 | 16.9 | Nd | 3.2 | Nd | 31.5 | 8.4 | Nd | 2.0 | 14.4 |
12 | 8.1 | Nd | 15.4 | 9.4 | Nd | Nd | Nd | 12.7 | 6.0 | Nd | 20.4 | 5.9 |
13 | 3.5 | Nd | 3.1 | 27.3 | Nd | 7.9 | 14.1 | 17.9 | 3.9 | 2.8 | 3.0 | 10.8 |
14 | 4.7 | Nd | 3.8 | 17.1 | 4.0 | 3.4 | 11.0 | 24.7 | 6.7 | 2.0 | 8.2 | 7.8 |
15 | 5.2 | Nd | Nd | 16.2 | 4.2 | 3.1 | 14.4 | 31.0 | 10.1 | 1.2 | 3.9 | 10.8 |
2.1. Percent Diterpene Composition According to Collection Time (Month) and Tree Sex
2.2. Percent Diterpene Composition and Collection Time (Month/Season)
3. Experimental
3.1. Plant Material
3.2. GC-MS and NMR Analysis
3.3. Description of the Parameters System
3.4. Principal Component Analysis (PCA)
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Olate, V.R.; Soto, A.; Schmeda-Hirschmann, G. Seasonal Variation and Resin Composition in the Andean Tree Austrocedrus chilensis. Molecules 2014, 19, 6489-6503. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules19056489
Olate VR, Soto A, Schmeda-Hirschmann G. Seasonal Variation and Resin Composition in the Andean Tree Austrocedrus chilensis. Molecules. 2014; 19(5):6489-6503. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules19056489
Chicago/Turabian StyleOlate, Verónica Rachel, Alex Soto, and Guillermo Schmeda-Hirschmann. 2014. "Seasonal Variation and Resin Composition in the Andean Tree Austrocedrus chilensis" Molecules 19, no. 5: 6489-6503. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules19056489