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Entropy 2012, 14(12), 2413-2426; doi:10.3390/e14122413

Article

The Extension of Statistical Entropy Analysis to Chemical Compounds

Alicja P. Sobańtka ¹ , Matthias Zessner ^1,2  and Helmut Rechberger ^1,2,*

¹ Centre for Water Resource Systems, Vienna University of Technology, Karlsplatz 13/E222, A-1040 Vienna, Austria ² Institute for Water Quality, Resource and Waste Management, Vienna University of Technology, Karlsplatz 13/226, A-1040 Vienna, Austria

* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: 23 August 2012; in revised form: 25 September 2012 / Accepted: 26 November 2012 / Published: 28 November 2012

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Concepts of Entropy and Their Applications)

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Abstract: Statistical entropy analysis (SEA) quantifies the dilution and concentration of conservative substances (e.g., heavy metals) in a system. In this paper, the SEA concept is extended (eSEA) to make it applicable to systems in which the chemical speciation is of particular importance. The eSEA is applied to a simplified region used for crop farming. The extent to which the region concentrates or dilutes nitrogen compounds is expressed as the change in statistical entropy (DH). A detailed derivation for the calculation of DH is provided. The results are discussed for four variations of the crop farming system, showing that the efficiency of crop farming can be expressed by eSEA.

Keywords: chemical compounds; concentrating power; crop farming; diluting extent; evaluation; nitrogen; statistical entropy

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