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Entropy 2011, 13(3), 709-719; doi:10.3390/e13030709

Article

Mode Switching and Collective Behavior in Chemical Oil Droplets

Naoto Horibe ¹ , Martin M. Hanczyc ²  and Takashi Ikegami ^1,*

¹ Department of General Systems Studies, University of Tokyo, Komaba, Tokyo 153, Japan ² Institute of Physics and Chemistry, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark

* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: 17 December 2010; in revised form: 31 January 2011 / Accepted: 4 March 2011 / Published: 18 March 2011

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emergence in Chemical Systems)

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Abstract: We have characterized several dynamic aspects of a simple chemical system capable of self-movement: An oil droplet in water system. We focused on spontaneous mode switching and collective behavior of droplets as emergent properties of the system. Droplets demonstrated spontaneous mode switching by changing speed, direction and acceleration over time, and collective behaviors of droplets resulted from such autonomous characteristics. In this paper, we quantitatively measured those characteristics to show that droplets did not act completely independently in the same system, but tend to be attracted to one another and interact with each other by adjusting their motion.

Keywords: droplet; behavior; emergence; collective behavior; protocell

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