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Novel Prophylactic and Therapeutic Strategies against Respiratory Viral Pathogens for Human and Animal Health

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A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X). This special issue belongs to the section "Epidemiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 May 2022) | Viewed by 18152

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Christophe Chevalier

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Guest Editor

National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Paris, France
Interests: virology; structure/function of proteins; vaccinology

Dr. Cynthia Calzas

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Guest Editor

Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRAE), 75007 Paris, France
Interests: immunology; vaccinology; host–pathogen interactions

Prof. Dr. Denis Archambault

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Guest Editor

Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montréal, QC H2L 2C4, Canada
Interests: virology; immunology; vaccinology; host–pathogen interactions

Dr. Delphyne Descamps

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Guest Editor

Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRAE), 75007 Paris, France
Interests: immunology; vaccinology; host–pathogen interactions

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Despite great progress in the development of effective anti-viral strategies, respiratory infections caused by viruses, including orthomyxoviruses, paramyxoviruses, pneumoviruses, coronaviruses, herpesviruses and arteriviruses, are still responsible for serious clinical and economic issues in animal and human health. The evolution of agricultural and trading practices and destruction of natural habitats as well as climate change have had a significant impact on the interactions between wildlife, livestock and humans. This can lead, in the worst-case scenario, to the emergence of zoonotic pathogens such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) or avian influenza A virus. Although vaccination remains the most efficient and cost-effective means of protecting human and animal populations against respiratory viruses, currently available vaccines still have shortcomings regarding the magnitude, composition, longevity and/or breadth of the protective immune responses induced. Thus, novel therapeutics and vaccine strategies are urgently needed to fight circulating viruses and anticipate the constant risk of the emergence or re-emergence of new or already-existing viral strains with pandemic potential.

In this Special Issue, we invite you to submit research articles and reviews on innovative prophylactic and therapeutic strategies to combat respiratory viral pathogens, including viruses targeted by the “One Health” approach. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, new vaccine methods such as the development of universal vaccine candidates, the rational design of adjuvants and delivery systems particularly suitable for mucosal immunization, and alternative approaches for active immunization such as the use of broadly neutralizing antibodies.

Dr. Christophe Chevalier
Dr. Cynthia Calzas
Prof. Dr. Denis Archambault
Dr. Delphyne Descamps
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Vaccines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

vaccines
respiratory viruses
therapeutics
adjuvant
one health
delivery systems
antibodies
mucosal immunity
zoonosis
nanoparticles
human
veterinary

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 2795 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

A Community-Based Management of COVID-19 in a Mobile Container Unit

by Elena Petrova, Timothy Farinholt, Tejas P. Joshi, Hannah Moreno, Mayar Al Mohajer, Shital M. Patel, Joseph Petrosino and Sharmila Anandasabapathy

Vaccines 2021, 9(11), 1362; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9111362 - 19 Nov 2021

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3834

Abstract

Vaccine uptake is a multifactor measure of successful immunization outcomes that includes access to healthcare and vaccine hesitancy for both healthcare workers and communities. The present coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has highlighted the need for novel strategies to expand vaccine coverage in underserved regions. Mobile clinics hold the promise of ameliorating such inequities, although there is a paucity of studies that validate environmental infection in such facilities. Here, we describe community-based management of COVID-19 through a Smart Pod mobile clinic deployed in an underserved community area in the United States (Aldine, Harris County, TX, USA). In particular, we validate infection control and biological decontamination of the Smart Pod by testing surfaces and the air-filtration system for the COVID-19 virus and bacterial pathogens. We show the Smart Pod to be efficacious in providing a safe clinical environment for vaccine delivery. Moreover, in the Smart Pod, up-to-date education of community healthcare workers was provided to reduce vaccine hesitancy and improve COVID-19 vaccine uptake. The proposed solution has the potential to augment existing hospital capacity and combat the COVID-19 pandemic locally and globally. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Prophylactic and Therapeutic Strategies against Respiratory Viral Pathogens for Human and Animal Health)

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27 pages, 4775 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Single-Shot Vaccines against Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus (BRSV): Comparative Evaluation of Long-Term Protection after Immunization in the Presence of BRSV-Specific Maternal Antibodies

by Jean François Valarcher, Sara Hägglund, Katarina Näslund, Luc Jouneau, Ester Malmström, Olivier Boulesteix, Anne Pinard, Dany Leguéré, Alain Deslis, David Gauthier, Catherine Dubuquoy, Vincent Pietralunga, Aude Rémot, Alexander Falk, Ganna Shevchenko, Sara Bergström Lind, Claudia Von Brömssen, Karin Vargmar, Baoshan Zhang, Peter D. Kwong, María Jose Rodriguez, Marga Garcia Duran, Isabelle Schwartz-Cornil, Geraldine Taylor and Sabine Riffault Show full author list Hide full author list

Vaccines 2021, 9(3), 236; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9030236 - 9 Mar 2021

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 4181

Abstract

The induction of long-lasting clinical and virological protection is needed for a successful vaccination program against the bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV). In this study, calves with BRSV-specific maternally derived antibodies were vaccinated once, either with (i) a BRSV pre-fusion protein (PreF) and Montanide^TM ISA61 VG (ISA61, n = 6), (ii) BRSV lacking the SH gene (ΔSHrBRSV, n = 6), (iii) a commercial vaccine (CV, n = 6), or were injected with ISA61 alone (n = 6). All calves were challenged with BRSV 92 days later and were euthanized 13 days post-infection. Based on clinical, pathological, and proteomic data, all vaccines appeared safe. Compared to the controls, PreF induced the most significant clinical and virological protection post-challenge, followed by ΔSHrBRSV and CV, whereas the protection of PreF-vaccinated calves was correlated with BRSV-specific serum immunoglobulin (Ig)G antibody responses 84 days post-vaccination, and the IgG antibody titers of ΔSHrBRSV- and CV-vaccinated calves did not differ from the controls on this day. Nevertheless, strong anamnestic BRSV- and PreF-specific IgG responses occurred in calves vaccinated with either of the vaccines, following a BRSV challenge. In conclusion, PreF and ΔSHrBRSV are two efficient one-shot candidate vaccines. By inducing a protection for at least three months, they could potentially improve the control of BRSV in calves. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Prophylactic and Therapeutic Strategies against Respiratory Viral Pathogens for Human and Animal Health)

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Review

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25 pages, 371 KiB

Open AccessReview

Cellular Immunotherapy and the Lung

by Sorcha Daly, Andrew O’Sullivan and Ronan MacLoughlin

Vaccines 2021, 9(9), 1018; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9091018 - 13 Sep 2021

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2591

Abstract

The new era of cellular immunotherapies has provided state-of-the-art and efficient strategies for the prevention and treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Cellular immunotherapies are at the forefront of innovative medical care, including adoptive T cell therapies, cancer vaccines, NK cell therapies, and immune checkpoint inhibitors. The focus of this review is on cellular immunotherapies and their application in the lung, as respiratory diseases remain one of the main causes of death worldwide. The ongoing global pandemic has shed a new light on respiratory viruses, with a key area of concern being how to combat and control their infections. The focus of cellular immunotherapies has largely been on treating cancer and has had major successes in the past few years. However, recent preclinical and clinical studies using these immunotherapies for respiratory viral infections demonstrate promising potential. Therefore, in this review we explore the use of multiple cellular immunotherapies in treating viral respiratory infections, along with investigating several routes of administration with an emphasis on inhaled immunotherapies. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Prophylactic and Therapeutic Strategies against Respiratory Viral Pathogens for Human and Animal Health)

13 pages, 1115 KiB

Open AccessReview

Bringing Preventive RSV Monoclonal Antibodies to Infants in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Challenges and Opportunities

by Jintanat Ananworanich and Penny M. Heaton

Vaccines 2021, 9(9), 961; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9090961 - 28 Aug 2021

Cited by 23 | Viewed by 6598

Abstract

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in infants. Most deaths occur in infants under 3 months old, and those living in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). There are no maternal or infant RSV vaccines currently approved. An RSV monoclonal antibody (mAb) could fill the gap until vaccines are available. It could also be used when a vaccine is not given, or when there is insufficient time to vaccinate and generate an antibody response. The only currently approved RSV mAb, palivizumab, is too costly and needs monthly administration, which is not possible in LMICs. It is imperative that a safe, effective, and affordable mAb to prevent severe RSV LRTI be developed for infants in LMICs. Next generation, half-life extended mAbs in clinical development, such as nirsevimab, show promise in protecting infants against RSV LRTI. Given that a single dose could cover an entire 5-month season, there is an opportunity to make RSV mAbs affordable for LMICs by investing in improvements in manufacturing efficiency. The challenges of using RSV mAbs in LMICs are the complexities of integrating them into existing healthcare delivery programs and surveillance systems, both of which are needed to define seasonal patterns, and monitor for escape mutants. Collaboration with key stakeholders such as the World Health Organization and Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, will be essential for achieving this goal. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Prophylactic and Therapeutic Strategies against Respiratory Viral Pathogens for Human and Animal Health)

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