Effects of Laser Treatment on Surface Characterization and Mechanical Properties of Alloys

Laser-based material processing and surface engineering techniques are increasingly recognized as essential tools in modern manufacturing, enhancing the properties and characteristics of metals and alloys. Significant advancements have been made in both fundamental knowledge and material processing, with controlled and selective laser processing emerging as a key research area for preparing surfaces for diverse applications. This technology not only improves surface wetting characteristics but also activates surfaces for multifunctionality and enhances residual stress behavior, corrosion resistance, and tribological characteristics. Moreover, laser-induced deposition, alloying, and shock processing further expand the capabilities of surface treatment methods. Areas such as the aerospace, automotive, biomedical, energy, and marine industries depend on materials that possess strong core properties alongside tailored surfaces for wear resistance, corrosion protection, heat stability, or biocompatibility. This Special Issue highlights fifteen recent studies utilizing lasers in various applications, including cladding, welding, texturing, and milling, often in conjunction with other techniques like ultrasound, magnetic fields, or micro-arc oxidation. A common focus across these works is the investigation of how laser parameters, such as power and scanning strategy, influence material microstructure and performance.