Analysis of Nutritional Supplements Consumption by Squash Players
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Procedure
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Descriptive and Analytical Data of Sports Practice
3.2. Data on Nutritional Supplements Consumption
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | International | National | T | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) * | 25.0 ± 6.2 | 35.6 ± 14.2 | −2.66 | 0.01 |
Weight (kg) | 72.1 ± 10.1 | 68.3 ± 11.4 | 1.06 | 0.29 |
Size (m) | 1.8 ± 0.1 | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 1.60 | 0.13 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 22.5 ± 1.3 | 22.4 ± 2.6 | 0.06 | 0.95 |
Weekly training sessions * | 5.6 ± 1.2 | 3.9 ± 1.6 | 3.54 | <0.01 |
Category | Supplement | International | National | p Value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | |||
Sports food | Energy bars | 11 | 78.6 | 14 | 50.0 | 0.08 |
Isotonic drinks | 10 | 71.4 | 14 | 50.0 | 0.19 | |
Carbohydrates gainers | 1 | 7.1 | 2 | 7.1 | 1.00 | |
Electrolytes | 5 | 35.7 | 4 | 14.3 | 0.11 | |
Malto-dextrines | 0 | 0 | 2 | 7.1 | 0.31 | |
Meat protein | 2 | 14.3 | 2 | 7.1 | 0.46 | |
Milk whey protein | 6 | 42.9 | 8 | 28.6 | 0.36 | |
Casein | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3.6 | 0.47 | |
Vegetable protein | 1 | 7.1 | 2 | 7.1 | 1.00 | |
Medical supplements | Mineral complex | 3 | 21.4 | 1 | 3.6 | 0.06 |
Vitamin complex | 7 | 50.0 | 7 | 25.0 | 0.11 | |
Iron | 5 | 35.7 | 4 | 14.3 | 0.11 | |
Probiotics | 1 | 7.1 | 1 | 3.6 | 0.63 | |
Vitamin D | 4 | 28.6 | 3 | 10.7 | 0.14 | |
Ergogenic aids of group A | B-alanine | 2 | 14.3 | 2 | 7.1 | 0.46 |
Bicarbonate of soda * | 4 | 28.6 | 1 | 3.6 | 0.04 | |
Caffeine | 4 | 28.6 | 11 | 39.3 | 0.50 | |
Creatine monohydrate | 4 | 28.6 | 5 | 17.9 | 0.43 | |
Creatine alkaline | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3.6 | 0.47 | |
Ergogenic aids of group B | ω-3 fatty acids | 1 | 7.1 | 4 | 14.3 | 0.50 |
Cod liver oil | 1 | 7.1 | 1 | 3.6 | 0.61 | |
Flaxseed oil * | 4 | 28.6 | 1 | 3.6 | 0.02 | |
Evening primrose oil | 1 | 7.1 | 1 | 3.6 | 0.61 | |
Acetyl-L-carnitine | 2 | 14.3 | 1 | 3.6 | 0.20 | |
L-carnitine | 0 | 0 | 5 | 17.9 | 0.09 | |
Shark cartilage | 0 | 0 | 4 | 14.3 | 0.14 | |
Chondroitin | 0 | 0 | 2 | 7.1 | 0.31 | |
Curcumin | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3.6 | 0.47 | |
Glucosamine | 1 | 7.1 | 2 | 7.1 | 1.00 | |
Glutamine * | 7 | 50.0 | 5 | 17.9 | 0.03 | |
Branched-chain amino acids * | 8 | 57.1 | 6 | 21.4 | 0.02 | |
Vitamin C | 5 | 35.7 | 7 | 25.0 | 0.47 | |
Vitamin E | 4 | 28.6 | 3 | 10.7 | 0.14 | |
Ergogenic aids of group C | ω-6 fatty acids | 0 | 0 | 3 | 10.7 | 0.20 |
ω-9 fatty acids | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3.6 | 0.47 | |
Coconut oil | 3 | 21.4 | 2 | 7.1 | 0.18 | |
Essential amino acids | 2 | 14.3 | 4 | 14.3 | 1.00 | |
Arginine | 0 | 0 | 3 | 10.7 | 0.20 | |
Chitosan | 2 | 14.3 | 1 | 3.6 | 0.22 | |
Zinc | 0 | 0 | 3 | 10.7 | 0.20 | |
Citrulline malate | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3.6 | 0.47 | |
Spirulina | 1 | 7.1 | 1 | 3.6 | 0.61 | |
Pre-workout formulas | 2 | 14.3 | 2 | 7.1 | 0.46 | |
Ginseng | 3 | 21.4 | 4 | 14.3 | 0.56 | |
Guarana | 3 | 21.4 | 2 | 7.1 | 0.18 | |
Royal jelly | 3 | 21.4 | 7 | 25.0 | 0.80 | |
Soy lecithin | 1 | 7.1 | 0 | 0 | 0.15 | |
Leucine | 1 | 7.1 | 1 | 3.6 | 0.61 | |
Beer yeast | 2 | 14.3 | 1 | 3.6 | 0.20 | |
Magnesium | 6 | 42.9 | 6 | 21.4 | 0.15 | |
Melatonin | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3.6 | 0.47 | |
Pollen | 2 | 14.3 | 2 | 7.1 | 0.46 | |
Taurine | 1 | 7.1 | 4 | 14.3 | 0.50 | |
Green tea | 2 | 14.3 | 7 | 25.0 | 0.43 | |
Vitamin K | 2 | 14.3 | 1 | 3.6 | 0.20 | |
Collagen | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3.6 | 0.47 |
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Ventura Comes, A.; Sánchez-Oliver, A.J.; Martínez-Sanz, J.M.; Domínguez, R. Analysis of Nutritional Supplements Consumption by Squash Players. Nutrients 2018, 10, 1341. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10101341
Ventura Comes A, Sánchez-Oliver AJ, Martínez-Sanz JM, Domínguez R. Analysis of Nutritional Supplements Consumption by Squash Players. Nutrients. 2018; 10(10):1341. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10101341
Chicago/Turabian StyleVentura Comes, Anna, Antonio J. Sánchez-Oliver, José Miguel Martínez-Sanz, and Raúl Domínguez. 2018. "Analysis of Nutritional Supplements Consumption by Squash Players" Nutrients 10, no. 10: 1341. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10101341