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Biology and Life Sciences Forum, Volume 24, 2023

IECT 2023 - 16 articles

The 2nd International Electronic Conference on Toxins

Online | 14–28 July 2023

Volume Editor: Jay Fox, University of Virginia Medical School, USA

Cover Story: The Conference on Toxins was held on 14–28 July 2023. The main topics were all related to specific aspects pertaining to different toxins, such as novel plant toxins, animal toxins, insect toxins, microbial toxins, and evolution of toxins. We hope this Special Issue can provide new references and provoke fresh ideas for scholars in the field of toxins and toxinology.
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Articles (16)

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
2,195 Views
9 Pages

Using degenerated primers (LC1–LC2c) and two novel primer pairs, namely (KSLB–LC6) for Aspergillus niger and (AFl1F–LC2) for Aspergillus tubingensis, created for the acyl transferase (AT) and the KS sequences of fungal PKSs genes, a...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
1 Citations
5,732 Views
8 Pages

The EU Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) is a tool for the rapid exchange of information on food and feed safety issues between EU member states and the European Commission, destined to notify food safety authorities about products posing...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
2 Citations
4,248 Views
7 Pages

InoserpTM PAN-AFRICA is a polyvalent F(ab’)2 antivenom that has been specifically developed for the management of snakebite envenomation in sub-Saharan Africa. The antivenom provides a very large coverage of medically important species in sub-S...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,401 Views
10 Pages

Exploring the Inter- and Intra-Specific Variability of Androctonus Scorpion Venoms

  • Ines Hilal,
  • Soukaina Khourcha,
  • Amal Safi,
  • Abdelaziz Hmyene,
  • Reto Stöcklin and
  • Naoual Oukkache

Scorpion venom possesses a lethal sting and potential medicinal properties, making it a captivating natural elixir. Our study aimed to unravel the composition of Androctonus scorpionvenoms in Morocco. Using electrospray mass spectrometry and high-per...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
1,737 Views
3 Pages

Newly Identified Toxin Transcripts in Myanmar Russell’s Viper Venom Gland

  • Khin Than Yee,
  • Jason Macrander,
  • Olga Vasieva and
  • Ponlapat Rojnuckarin

Russell’s viper (Daboia siamensis) is a medically important snake in Myanmar due to its high morbidity and mortality. The genome of Myanmar Russell’s viper had not been sequenced until recently. Hence, RNA sequencing has been used to pred...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
3,226 Views
7 Pages

Gene Expression Profile of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) Stimulated by L-Amino Acid Oxidase from Calloselasma rhodostoma Venom

  • Mauro Valentino Paloschi,
  • Suzanne Nery Serrath,
  • Milena Daniela Souza Silva,
  • Daniel Gomes Cardozo,
  • Andrey Victor Echeverria Ugarte,
  • Charles Nunes Boeno,
  • Jéssica Amaral Lopes,
  • Cristina Matiele Alves Rego,
  • Hallison Mota Santana and
  • Juliana Pavan Zuliani
  • + 9 authors

The focus of this study is to investigate the gene expression related to the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) stimulated by Calloselasma rhodostoma L-amino acid oxidase (Cr-LAAO). LAAOs found in snake venom have been shown to activa...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,608 Views
8 Pages

Insecticidal Activity of Microencapsulated Vip3Ag4 protein in Bacillus megaterium

  • Leopoldo Palma,
  • Iñigo Ruiz de Escudero,
  • Francisco Mañeru-Oria,
  • Colin Berry and
  • Primitivo Caballero

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) produces, during its vegetative growth, some insecticidal proteins that are secreted and diluted into the culture medium. These proteins are commonly known as vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vips), and include binary Vpb...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
1 Citations
4,838 Views
6 Pages

Diseases in Ruminants Associated with Pteridium aquilinum Ingestion

  • Filipe Silva,
  • Andreia Garcês,
  • Catarina Magalhães and
  • Isabel Pires

Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn, commonly known as bracken fern, is a cosmopolitan plant species absent only from polar and desert regions. Worldwide, Pteridium aquilinum has been rapidly spreading due to the neglect of agricultural fields and the grow...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
1,547 Views
5 Pages

Efficacy of Fumonisin B1 Removal from Various Simulated Water Types Using UV and UV/H2O2 Treatments

  • Ivana Jevtić,
  • Sandra Jakšić,
  • Daniela Šojić Merkulov,
  • Szabolcs Bognár and
  • Biljana Abramović

Fumonisins are secondary metabolites of mold whose presence has been proven in water. Since fumonisin B1 (FB1) is highly toxic and has dangerous effects on the health of living organisms, in this study, the influence of various water matrices on the...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,357 Views
6 Pages

Rapid Identification of the Mycotoxin Patulin by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry

  • Adrián A. Monteagudo,
  • Antía Torres,
  • Franklin Chamorro,
  • Miguel A. Prieto,
  • Rosa Perez-Gregorio,
  • Jesus Simal-Gandara and
  • Paz Otero

Patulin (PAT) is one of the most common mycotoxins produced by Penicillium and Aspergillus species and is often associated with fruits and fruit by-products, mostly apple derivatives, although it has been detected in infant food and cereals. This tox...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
3 Citations
4,429 Views
8 Pages

Algal Extracts as Preventive Mechanism for Mycotoxins Development

  • María Fraga-Corral,
  • Paz Otero,
  • Javier Echave,
  • Antia G. Pereira,
  • Paula Garcia-Oliveira,
  • Ana Perez-Vazquez,
  • Pauline Donn,
  • Lucia Cassani,
  • Hui Cao and
  • Miguel A. Prieto
  • + 1 author

Macroalgae and microalgae are two sources of natural ingredients that are of interest for industrial sectors because of their multiple potential applications. Algal extracts are known to be rich in valuable compounds such as fatty acids, minerals, an...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
1 Citations
5,147 Views
7 Pages

Snakebites in Domestic Animals

  • Andreia Garcês,
  • Catarina Pereira,
  • Maria Inês Santiago,
  • Justina Prada,
  • Filipe Silva and
  • Isabel Pires

In Portugal, there are four venomous species, the horned viper (Vipera latastei), seoane (Vipera seoanei), rat snake (Malpolon monspessulanus), and the hooded snake (Macroprotodon brevis ibericus), and in the UK, there is one: the common European add...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
1 Citations
18,070 Views
7 Pages

Nigella sativa: A Potential Natural Antidote for Poisoning Cases

  • Bilal Ahmed Alim Patel,
  • Zubair Saghir Ahmed Shaikh,
  • Sulbha G. Patil and
  • Sowjanya Pulipati

In several cultures, black cumin, also known as Nigella sativa, has long been used medicinally. Recent research has revealed that this plant has potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant qualities, making it a possible treatment for several medical co...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
2 Citations
5,453 Views
7 Pages

A Study of Nematocyst Discharge of Physalia physalis and Venom Composition

  • Duarte Toubarro,
  • Zuzanna Tomkielska,
  • Liliana Silva,
  • Margarida Borges and
  • Nelson Simões

In this work, we studied the effects of various chemicals on P. physalis nematocyst discharge and the composition of the released venom. The exposure of nematocyst to K+ and Na+ induced a massive discharge in a short time of exposure. Conversely, the...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,972 Views
5 Pages

The growing interest in herbal and alternative medicines demands information on the toxicity risk assessment of the various plant extracts used in traditional medicines. The rich presence of sesquiterpene lactone, a potentially toxic phytochemical, i...

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Biol. Life Sci. Forum - ISSN 2673-9976