A Comparison of Analytical Methods for the Determination of Soil pH: Case Study on Burned Soils in Northern Portugal
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methodology
2.1. Characterization of Soil Sampling Site
2.2. Sampling and Previous Characterization of Soil Samples
2.3. Methods of pH Analysis
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. General Characterization of Soil Samples
3.2. Contrast of pH Analytical Methods
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Method | Solid–Liquid Suspension | Stirring Time | Resting Time | Bibliography Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
M1 | 1:2.5 (10 g to 25 mL) | 10 min | 15 min | Rossa (2006) [41] |
M2 | 1:5 (5 g to 25 mL) | 10 min | 15 min | Embrapa (1997) [27] |
M3 | 1:5 (5 g to 25 mL) | 1 h | 15 min | Margesin and Schinner (2005) [26] |
M4 | 1:5 (10 g to 50 mL) | 10 min | 15 min | ISO 10390 (2005) [24] |
M5 | 1:2.5 (10 g to 25 mL) | 10 min | 8 h | BS (2018) [25] |
Method | M1 | M2 | M3 | M4 | M5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | 43 | 43 | 43 | 43 | 11 |
Average | 4.95 | 5.12 | 5.07 | 5.18 | 4.92 |
Median | 4.90 | 5.04 | 5.00 | 5.12 | 4.87 |
Minimum | 4.57 | 4.70 | 4.69 | 4.76 | 4.70 |
Maximum | 5.50 | 5.73 | 5.62 | 5.69 | 5.26 |
Standard Deviation | 0.23 | 0.26 | 0.25 | 0.24 | 0.15 |
Standard Error | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.05 |
Variance | 0.05 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.02 |
Methods | p-Value |
---|---|
M1 × M2 | 0.3917 |
M1 × M3 | 0.5787 |
M1 × M4 | 0.7581 |
M1 × M5 | 0.5289 |
M2 × M3 | 0.7626 |
M2 × M4 | 0.5865 |
M2 × M5 | 0.2426 |
M3 × M4 | 0.8126 |
M3 × M5 | 0.1784 |
M4 × M5 | 0.3825 |
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Faria, M.; Bertocco, T.; Barroso, A.; Carvalho, M.; Fonseca, F.; Delerue Matos, C.; Figueiredo, T.; Sequeira Braga, A.; Valente, T.; Jiménez-Ballesta, R. A Comparison of Analytical Methods for the Determination of Soil pH: Case Study on Burned Soils in Northern Portugal. Fire 2023, 6, 227. https://doi.org/10.3390/fire6060227
Faria M, Bertocco T, Barroso A, Carvalho M, Fonseca F, Delerue Matos C, Figueiredo T, Sequeira Braga A, Valente T, Jiménez-Ballesta R. A Comparison of Analytical Methods for the Determination of Soil pH: Case Study on Burned Soils in Northern Portugal. Fire. 2023; 6(6):227. https://doi.org/10.3390/fire6060227
Chicago/Turabian StyleFaria, Maria, Tamires Bertocco, Ana Barroso, Manuela Carvalho, Felicia Fonseca, Cristina Delerue Matos, Tomás Figueiredo, Amália Sequeira Braga, Teresa Valente, and Raimundo Jiménez-Ballesta. 2023. "A Comparison of Analytical Methods for the Determination of Soil pH: Case Study on Burned Soils in Northern Portugal" Fire 6, no. 6: 227. https://doi.org/10.3390/fire6060227