Modulation of Pituitary Response by Dietary Lipids and Throughout a Temperature Fluctuation Challenge in Gilthead Sea Bream
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Effects of Dietary Lipid on Pituitary Expression
2.2. Effects of Thermal Fluctuation on Pituitary Expression
2.3. Effects of Dietary Lipids and Thermal Fluctuation on Plasma Thyroid Hormones
3. Discussion
3.1. Dietary Modulation of Pituitary Response at Warm Temperature
3.2. Cold Effects
3.3. Temperature Recovery
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Animal Condition and Sampling
4.2. Plasma Thyroid Hormones
4.3. Transcript Expression Quantification
4.4. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Thyroid Hormones | Pre-Cold (Day 30) | Cold (Day 80) | Early Recovery (Day 87) | Late Recovery (Day 115) |
---|---|---|---|---|
T3 (ng/mL) | ||||
D14 | 4.4 ± 0.9 a | 2.2 ± 0.4 a | 3.7 ± 0.6 a | 6.9 ± 1.1 b |
D18 | 5.1 ± 0.8 ab | 2.5 ± 0.4 a | 4.1 ± 0.7 ab | 7.2 ± 2.0 b |
T4 (ng/mL) | ||||
D14 | 19.2 ± 0.5 a | 19.9 ± 0.2 a | 21.1 ± 0.4 b | 22.5 ± 0.4 c |
D18 | 20.8 ± 0.5 | 20.9 * ± 0.2 | 20.7 ± 0.5 | 20.5 * ± 0.3 |
Ratio T4/T3 | ||||
D14 | 4.5 ± 0.7 ab | 8.9 ± 0.3 c | 6.4 ± 0.9 b | 3.3 ± 0.4 a |
D18 | 4.0 ± 0.1 a | 7.7 ± 0.8 b | 6.0 ± 1.2 ab | 3.9 ± 1.3 a |
Pituitary Markers | Gene Name and Abbreviation | Fw/Rv a | Primer Sequence (5’-3’) | Ta b | Bp c |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hormones | Growth Hormone | Fw | CCGAGGAACCAGATTTCACCCAA | 62 | 110 |
(gh) | Rv | TGGAGGGCGGAGCTATCAGGGA | |||
Thyroid stimulating hormone | Fw | GTGTTCCCTTTCTGGCTCTTTTTTC | 52 | 100 | |
(tsh) | Rv | ACTCACACTCTGGTCTCTCCACGTA | |||
Proopiomelanocortin A | Fw | CTTGAAGAAACCAAATGAACATC | 60 | 162 | |
(pomca) | Rv | GAAACAGCCAATGAAGACCTAA | |||
Proopiomelanocortin B | Fw | GCTCGTTAGCAGACCAAT | 62 | 76 | |
(pomcb) | Rv | CAAAACACTCTCTCTTCATCTCT | |||
Receptors | Thyroid receptor alfa | Fw | GAGGCCGGAGCCAAACAC | 60 | 124 |
(trα) | Rv | GCCGATATCATCCGACAGG | |||
Thyroid receptor beta | Fw | ACCGACTGGAGCCCACACAG | 60 | 129 | |
(trβ) | Rv | CCTTCACCCACGCTGCACT | |||
Glucocorticoid receptor | Rv | CCATCACCTCTGCCGCATCTG | 64 | 195 | |
(gr) | Fw | TCTGGAGGAACTGCTGCTGAACC | |||
Reference | 18S ribosomal RNA | Fw | TGACGGAAGGGCACCACCAG | 60 | 158 |
(18s) | Rv | AATCGCTCCACCAACTAAGAACGG |
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Sánchez-Nuño, S.; Silva, S.C.; Guerreiro, P.M.; Ordóñez-Grande, B.; Sanahuja, I.; Fernández-Alacid, L.; Ibarz, A. Modulation of Pituitary Response by Dietary Lipids and Throughout a Temperature Fluctuation Challenge in Gilthead Sea Bream. Fishes 2019, 4, 55. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4040055
Sánchez-Nuño S, Silva SC, Guerreiro PM, Ordóñez-Grande B, Sanahuja I, Fernández-Alacid L, Ibarz A. Modulation of Pituitary Response by Dietary Lipids and Throughout a Temperature Fluctuation Challenge in Gilthead Sea Bream. Fishes. 2019; 4(4):55. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4040055
Chicago/Turabian StyleSánchez-Nuño, Sergio, Sandra C. Silva, Pedro M. Guerreiro, Borja Ordóñez-Grande, Ignasi Sanahuja, Laura Fernández-Alacid, and Antoni Ibarz. 2019. "Modulation of Pituitary Response by Dietary Lipids and Throughout a Temperature Fluctuation Challenge in Gilthead Sea Bream" Fishes 4, no. 4: 55. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4040055