Purification of Flavonoids from Mulberry Leaves via High-Speed Counter-Current Chromatography
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Extraction of Flavonoids from Mulberry Leaves
2.3. Separation and Purification of Mulberry Leaf Extracts
2.4. Analysis by HPLC
3. Results
3.1. Separation and Purification via HSCCC
3.1.1. Determination of the Characteristic Absorption Wavelength
3.1.2. Separation Performance of the Solvent System
3.1.3. HSCCC of the Rutin Standard and Solvent Selection
- is the polar parameter of the ideal solvent system;
- is the volume fraction of component i;
- is the polar parameter of component i.
3.1.4. Influence of the Mobile Phase Velocity on the Separation Efficiency
3.2. Analysis by HPLC
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Number | Solvent Ratio Volume | Separation Time (s) | Partition Coefficient (K) | Polarity Parameter of the Ideal Solvent System (f) |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ethyl acetate/ethanol/water: 4/1/5 | 22.0 | 0.60 | 7.29 |
2 | ethyl acetate/ethanol/water: 5/2/5 | 24.7 | 1.03 | 6.80 |
3 | ethyl acetate/ethanol/water: 3/1/5 | 31.7 | 0.80 | 7.61 |
4 | ethyl acetate/ethanol/water: 6/1/5 | 16.2 | 0.52 | 6.81 |
5 | ethyl acetate/n-butanol/water: 4/1/5 | 19.4 | 1.08 | 7.25 |
6 | ethyl acetate/n-butanol/water: 5/2/5 | 21.4 | 1.33 | 6.73 |
7 | ethyl acetate/n-butanol/water: 3/1/5 | 27.6 | 2.09 | 7.54 |
8 | ethyl acetate/n-butanol/water: 6/1/5 | 25.2 | 1.37 | 6.76 |
Solvent Systems | Peak Time (min) | Stationary Phase Retention (%) |
---|---|---|
Solvent 2 | 45 | 27.8 |
Solvent 5 | 98 | 50.8 |
Solvent 6 | 140 | 36.8 |
Solvent 8 | - | 5.6 |
Mobile Phase Flow Rate (mL/min) | Peak Time (min) | Stationary Phase Retention (%) | Product Purity (%) |
---|---|---|---|
5 | 140 | 56.4 | 93.8 |
8 | 100 | 50.8 | 89.2 |
10 | 85 | 45.0 | 81.2 |
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Zhang, P.; Zhu, K.-L.; Zhang, J.; Li, Y.; Zhang, H.; Wang, Y. Purification of Flavonoids from Mulberry Leaves via High-Speed Counter-Current Chromatography. Processes 2019, 7, 91. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr7020091
Zhang P, Zhu K-L, Zhang J, Li Y, Zhang H, Wang Y. Purification of Flavonoids from Mulberry Leaves via High-Speed Counter-Current Chromatography. Processes. 2019; 7(2):91. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr7020091
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Pian, Kang-Ling Zhu, Jun Zhang, Yan Li, Heng Zhang, and Yan Wang. 2019. "Purification of Flavonoids from Mulberry Leaves via High-Speed Counter-Current Chromatography" Processes 7, no. 2: 91. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr7020091