Enabling Virtual Sensing as a Service
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Background and Related Work
2.1. Sensor Data Management Systems
2.2. Collaboration and Crowdsourcing for Sensors
3. Wiki-Health
3.1. Wiki-Health Analysis Framework
3.2. Wiki-Health Mobile App
3.3. Virtual Sensing as a Service Overview
4. Full Body Model Associated with Human Temperature and Energy Transformations
4.1. The Controlled System
4.2. The Controlling System
5. Model Integration and Implementation
5.1. Heart Rate Based Metabolic Rate Estimation
5.2. Basal Metabolic Rate Estimation
5.3. Personal Sensor Data
5.4. Environmental and Geographic Data
5.5. Virtual Sensing Service
6. Experimental Evaluation
6.1. Participants and Setup
6.2. Results
7. Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Symbol | Meaning | Unit |
---|---|---|
Temperature of node | °C | |
Total metabolic heat production in node | kcal/h | |
Total evaporative heat loss from node | kcal/h | |
Convective heat transfer between central blood and node | kcal/h | |
Conductive heat transfer between node and adjacent node | kcal/h | |
Radiant heat transfer coefficient of segment | kcal/m2/h/°C | |
Convective and conductive heat transfer coefficient of segment | kcal/m2/h/°C | |
Total combined heat transfer coefficient of segment | kcal/h/°C | |
Total surface area of segment | m2 | |
Air velocity | m/s | |
The temperature of surrounding environment | °C |
Node (N) | Segment (i) | Layer | C (kcal/°C) | QB (kcal/°C) | EB (kcal/°C) | BFB (L/H) | TC (Kcal/H/°C) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Head | Core | 2.22 | 12.84 | 0.00 | 45.00 | 1.38 |
2 | Muscle | 0.33 | 0.10 | 0.00 | 0.12 | 11.40 | |
3 | Fat | 0.22 | 0.11 | 0.00 | 0.13 | 13.80 | |
4 | Skin | 0.24 | 0.08 | 0.63 | 1.44 | 0.00 | |
5 | Trunk | Core | 9.82 | 45.38 | 9.00 | 210.00 | 1.37 |
6 | Muscle | 16.15 | 5.00 | 0.00 | 6.00 | 4.75 | |
7 | Fat | 4.25 | 2.13 | 0.00 | 2.56 | 19.80 | |
8 | Skin | 1.21 | 0.40 | 3.25 | 2.10 | 0.00 | |
9 | Arm | Core | 1.41 | 0.70 | 0.00 | 0.84 | 1.20 |
10 | Muscle | 3.04 | 0.95 | 0.00 | 1.14 | 8.90 | |
11 | Fat | 0.58 | 0.17 | 0.00 | 0.20 | 26.20 | |
12 | Skin | 0.43 | 0.13 | 1.20 | 0.50 | 0.00 | |
13 | Hand | Core | 0.14 | 0.08 | 0.00 | 0.10 | 5.50 |
14 | Muscle | 0.06 | 0.20 | 0.00 | 0.24 | 9.65 | |
15 | Fat | 0.09 | 0.03 | 0.00 | 0.04 | 9.90 | |
16 | Skin | 0.17 | 0.05 | 0.45 | 2.00 | 0.00 | |
17 | Leg | Core | 4.24 | 2.23 | 0.00 | 2.69 | 9.00 |
18 | Muscle | 9.17 | 2.86 | 0.00 | 3.43 | 12.40 | |
19 | Fat | 1.43 | 0.43 | 0.00 | 0.52 | 64.00 | |
20 | Skin | 1.08 | 0.32 | 2.85 | 2.85 | 0.00 | |
21 | Feet | Core | 0.23 | 0.13 | 0.00 | 0.16 | 14.00 |
22 | Muscle | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.02 | 17.70 | |
23 | Fat | 0.13 | 0.04 | 0.00 | 0.05 | 14.10 | |
24 | Skin | 0.22 | 0.07 | 0.62 | 3.00 | 0.00 | |
25 | Central Blood | 2.25 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
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Li, Y.; Pandis, I.; Guo, Y. Enabling Virtual Sensing as a Service. Informatics 2016, 3, 3. https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics3020003
Li Y, Pandis I, Guo Y. Enabling Virtual Sensing as a Service. Informatics. 2016; 3(2):3. https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics3020003
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Yang, Ioannis Pandis, and Yike Guo. 2016. "Enabling Virtual Sensing as a Service" Informatics 3, no. 2: 3. https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics3020003