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• Yokosuka, O
• Omata, M
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• Omata, M
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• Yokosuka, O
• Omata, M

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Biology 2013, 2(1), 304-316; doi:10.3390/biology2010304

Review

Hepatitis C Virus and Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Tatsuo Kanda ^1,* , Osamu Yokosuka ¹  and Masao Omata ^2,3,*

¹ Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan ² Yamanashi Hospitals (Central and Kita) Organization, 1-1-1 Fujimi, Koufu-shi, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan ³ University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan

* Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: 4 January 2013; in revised form: 18 January 2013 / Accepted: 23 January 2013 / Published: 30 January 2013

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Abstract: Hepatitis C virus (HCV), a hepatotropic virus, is a single stranded-positive RNA virus of ~9,600 nt. length belonging to the Flaviviridae family. HCV infection causes acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It has been reported that HCV-coding proteins interact with host-cell factors that are involved in cell cycle regulation, transcriptional regulation, cell proliferation and apoptosis. Severe inflammation and advanced liver fibrosis in the liver background are also associated with the incidence of HCV-related HCC. In this review, we discuss the mechanism of hepatocarcinogenesis in HCV-related liver diseases.

Keywords: androgen receptor; apoptosis; gender difference; hepatitis C virus; hepatocellular carcinoma; inflammation

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