Fabricating Water Dispersible Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications through Ligand Exchange and Direct Conjugation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Synthesis of Ligands
2.2. Synthesis of Surface Functionalized SPIONs
2.3. TEM, EDX, and SAED Studies of SPIONs
2.4. FT-IR Studies
2.5. Thermogravometric Analysis (TGA)
2.6. Ligand-Exchange Studies: UV-Vis
2.7. Dynamic Light Scattering
2.8. Zeta Potential
2.9. MRI Measurements
2.10. Cytotoxicity Studies
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Synthesis of Phosphonate-TEG-OH and Phosphonate-TEG-Me
3.2. Ligand Exchange: Synthesis of SPIONs-OA/PMe and SPIONs/OA-POH
3.3. Direct Conjugation: Synthesis of SPIONs-PMe and SPIONs-POH
3.4. MRI Relaxometry Measurements
3.5. Cell Culture and Viability Studies
3.6. Cellular Uptake of SPIONs
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Nanoparticles | DH (nm) | r2 (mM−1·s−1) | r1 (mM−1·s−1) | r2* (mM−1·s−1) | r2/r1 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SPIONs-OA/PMe | 363 | 707 (663, 751) | 0.857 (0.771, 0.944) | 565 (525, 606) | 825 (728, 923) |
SPIONs-OA/POH | 116 | 687 (496, 878) | 1.06 (0.959, 1.17) | 1280 (708, 1850) | 648 (458, 840) |
SPIONs-PMe | 149 | 87(81, 93) | 0.159 (0.145, 0.173) | 358 (181, 534) | 546 (484, 608) |
SPIONs-POH | 193 | 306 (270, 343) | 0.641 (0.529, 0.753) | 639 (566, 712) | 477 (377, 579) |
Ferumoxides (Endorem®/Feridex®) | 120–180 | 132 | 1.8 | 111.9–134.3 * | 76.7 |
Ferucarbotran A (Resovist, SHU55A) | 65 | 205 | 1.6 | - | 128.8 |
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Lam, T.; Avti, P.K.; Pouliot, P.; Maafi, F.; Tardif, J.-C.; Rhéaume, É.; Lesage, F.; Kakkar, A. Fabricating Water Dispersible Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications through Ligand Exchange and Direct Conjugation. Nanomaterials 2016, 6, 100. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano6060100
Lam T, Avti PK, Pouliot P, Maafi F, Tardif J-C, Rhéaume É, Lesage F, Kakkar A. Fabricating Water Dispersible Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications through Ligand Exchange and Direct Conjugation. Nanomaterials. 2016; 6(6):100. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano6060100
Chicago/Turabian StyleLam, Tina, Pramod K. Avti, Philippe Pouliot, Foued Maafi, Jean-Claude Tardif, Éric Rhéaume, Frédéric Lesage, and Ashok Kakkar. 2016. "Fabricating Water Dispersible Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications through Ligand Exchange and Direct Conjugation" Nanomaterials 6, no. 6: 100. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano6060100