The Dynamics of Respiratory Microbiota during Mechanical Ventilation in Patients with Pneumonia
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Subjects and Study Design
2.2. DNA Extraction PCR and Sequencing
2.3. Data Processing
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Characteristics of the Study Population
3.2. Day 1 ETA Microbiome Composition in Intubated Patients
3.3. Changes in Respiratory Microbiota during Mechanical Ventilation in Patients with Pneumonia
3.4. Influence of 28-Day Mortality on Respiratory Microbiota
4. Discussions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
ICU | Intensive care unit |
ETA | Endotracheal aspirates |
OTU | Operational taxonomic units |
PCoA | Principal coordinates analysis |
LEfSe | Linear discriminant analysis effect size |
APACHE II | Acute Physiology Age Chronic Health Evaluation II |
SOFA | Sequential Organ Failure Assessment |
LDA | Linear discriminant analysis |
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Pneumonia Group | Non-Pneumonia Group | p-Value ‡ | p-Value § | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Successful Extubation | Failed Extubation | ||||
n = 22 | n = 19 | n = 19 | |||
Age | 72 (58–75) | 76 (70–85) | 76 (59–81) | 0.738 | 0.063 |
Male sex † | 16 (72.7%) | 14 (73.7%) | 12 (63.2) | 0.547 | 0.99 |
Acute respiratory distress syndrome † | 2 (9.1%) | 6 (31.6%) | 0 (0%) | 0.047 | 0.115 |
Charlson comorbidity index * | 2 (0.8–3.3) | 3 (2–5) | 2(1–2) | 0.051 | 0.227 |
Cause of intubation † | <0.001 | 0.269 | |||
Cardiac arrest | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (5.3%) | 3 (15.8%) | ||
Neurological distress | 4 (18.2%) | 1 (5.3%) | 14 (73.7%) | ||
Postoperative status | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (5.3%) | ||
Respiratory | 18 (81.8%) | 17 (89.5%) | 1 (5.3%) | ||
PaO2/FiO2 | 241 (137–325) | 188 (102–292) | 430 (321, 457) | 0.14 | |
Severity * | |||||
APACHE score | 17 (15–21.5) | 23 (19–25) | 22 (17–25) | 0.165 | 0.015 |
SOFA score | 7 (5–8.3) | 8 (7–13) | 6 (4–9) | 0.227 | 0.045 |
GCS* | 8 (6.8–10) | 9 (5–11) | 6 (5–9) | 0.074 | 0.895 |
28-day mortality † | 0 (0%) | 12 (63.2%) | 6 (31.6%) | >0.99 | <0.001 |
ICU mortality † | 0 (0%) | 17 (89.5%) | 6 (31.6%) | 0.4 | <0.001 |
MV duration * | 8 (7–14) | 16 (13–25) | 10 (7–14) | 0.238 | <0.001 |
CRP (mg/dL) * | 139 (65.8–221.3) | 133 (44–158) | 61 (4.6–132.1) | 0.011 | 0.488 |
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Woo, S.; Park, S.-Y.; Kim, Y.; Jeon, J.P.; Lee, J.J.; Hong, J.Y. The Dynamics of Respiratory Microbiota during Mechanical Ventilation in Patients with Pneumonia. J. Clin. Med. 2020, 9, 638. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030638
Woo S, Park S-Y, Kim Y, Jeon JP, Lee JJ, Hong JY. The Dynamics of Respiratory Microbiota during Mechanical Ventilation in Patients with Pneumonia. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020; 9(3):638. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030638
Chicago/Turabian StyleWoo, Seongji, So-Yeong Park, Youngmi Kim, Jin Pyeong Jeon, Jae Jun Lee, and Ji Young Hong. 2020. "The Dynamics of Respiratory Microbiota during Mechanical Ventilation in Patients with Pneumonia" Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 3: 638. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030638