Efficacy of Acupuncture on Quality of Life, Functional Performance, Dyspnea, and Pulmonary Function in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Design
2.2. Patients
2.3. Randomization
2.4. Eligibility
2.4.1. Inclusion Criteria
- Clinical diagnosis of COPD according to GOLD [1].
- Ability to offer written authorization or nominate a person to read the Statement of Free and Informed Consent, giving the research patient’s agreement.
- Patients over 65 years of age with preserved cognitive function according to the Mini-Cog, that is, those who scored at least 3 to 5 points [30].
- Absence of exacerbation and stability of drug treatment in the last month.
- A 3-month absence from participation in a pulmonary rehabilitation program.
2.4.2. Exclusion Criteria
- Patient with a previous medical diagnosis of a disease that affects cognitive function and inhibits understanding of the questionnaires.
- Patients unable to perform any of the assessments.
- Previous acupuncture therapy.
- Being, or having been, in a rehabilitation group in the last 3 months before starting the protocol.
- Patients who present an exacerbation of the clinical condition during the collection period will be excluded.
2.5. Intervention
Acupuncture
- (a)
- the Traditional Chinese Medicine needling style will be used, based on the literature in the area and clinical consensus.
- (b)
- treatment reasoning will be based on Chinese acupuncture literature, consensual methods, and literary references.
- (c)
- the selection of needling points will not change throughout the treatment.
- (d)
- the needling will be manual.
- Zusanli-stomach 36 (ST36 bilateral).
- Xuehai-spleen 10 (SP10 bilateral)
- Qihai-Ren Mai 6 (RM6 or CV6).
- Danzhong–Ren Mai 17 (RM17 or CV17).
- Chize-lung 5 (LU5 bilateral).
- Lieque-lung 7 (LU7 bilateral).
2.6. Outcome Measures
2.6.1. Questionnaires, Scales and Tests
Mini-Cog
Double Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA)
Spirometry
Patient-Generated Index (PGI)
Saint George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ)
London Chest Activity of Daily Living (LCADL)
Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT)
COPD Assessment Test (CAT)
2.7. Ethics
2.8. Analyses
Treatment of Lost Data (Missing Data)
3. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Cardoso, R.F.; Lacerda, A.C.R.; Lima, V.P.; de Oliveira, L.F.F.; de Oliveira, S.F.F.; Araújo, R.P.; Castro, C.L.F.e.; da Silva, F.P.; de Paiva, L.V.; Dietrich, L.; et al. Efficacy of Acupuncture on Quality of Life, Functional Performance, Dyspnea, and Pulmonary Function in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial. J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11, 3048. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11113048
Cardoso RF, Lacerda ACR, Lima VP, de Oliveira LFF, de Oliveira SFF, Araújo RP, Castro CLFe, da Silva FP, de Paiva LV, Dietrich L, et al. Efficacy of Acupuncture on Quality of Life, Functional Performance, Dyspnea, and Pulmonary Function in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2022; 11(11):3048. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11113048
Chicago/Turabian StyleCardoso, Renato Fleury, Ana Cristina Rodrigues Lacerda, Vanessa Pereira Lima, Lucas Fróis Fernandes de Oliveira, Sofia Fróis Fernandes de Oliveira, Rafaela Paula Araújo, Cecylia Leiber Fernandes e Castro, Flávia Pereira da Silva, Lizânia Vieira de Paiva, Lia Dietrich, and et al. 2022. "Efficacy of Acupuncture on Quality of Life, Functional Performance, Dyspnea, and Pulmonary Function in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial" Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 11: 3048. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11113048