Hydrogen Separation and Purification from Various Gas Mixtures by Means of Electrochemical Membrane Technology in the Temperature Range 100–160 °C
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Working Principle
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Experimental Set-Up: Cell and Membrane Electrode Assembly
3.2. Characterization Methods Used
3.2.1. Polarization Curve Measurements
3.2.2. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Measurements
3.3. Experimental Procedure
4. Results and Discussion
4.1. Pure Hydrogen Experiments: Membrane Characterization
4.2. Hydrogen Separation from H2/CH4 Gas Mixtures
4.3. Hydrogen Separation from H2/CO2 Gas Mixtures
4.4. Hydrogen Separation from H2/NH3 Gas Mixtures
4.5. Possible Future Work
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Properties | PSA | Membranes | Cryogenic |
---|---|---|---|
Min. feed purity (vol.%) | >40 | >25 | 15–80 |
Max. product purity (vol.%) | >99.9 | >98 | ~97 |
Max. hydrogen recovery (%) | Up to 90 | Up to 95 | Up to 98 |
Inlet pressure (bar) | 10–70 | 14–138 | 14–83 |
Outlet pressure (bar) | Similar to feed | Substantially less than feed | Similar to feed |
Membrane Type | TPS®-Based |
---|---|
Membrane thickness | 60–65 μm |
Catalyst used anode | Pt-Co/C |
Atomic ratio 1:1 (Pt:Co) | |
Catalyst used cathode | Pt/C |
Total catalyst loading | 1.8 mg cm−2 |
Membrane area | 25 cm2 |
Temperature range | 120–200 °C |
Proton conductivity | 8 × 10−2 S cm−1 |
Temperature | Hydrogen Purity (%) | OCV (V) | Measured Voltage (V) | Measured-OCV (V) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Inlet | Permeate | ||||
120 °C | 20 | 99.98 | 0.027 | 0.564 | 0.537 |
50 | 99.98 | 0.012 | 0.284 | 0.272 | |
90 | 99.99 | 0.002 | 0.077 | 0.075 | |
140 °C | 20 | 99.98 | 0.029 | 0.352 | 0.323 |
50 | 99.98 | 0.012 | 0.219 | 0.207 | |
90 | 99.99 | 0.002 | 0.075 | 0.074 | |
160 °C | 20 | 99.86 | 0.030 | 0.253 | 0.233 |
50 | 99.95 | 0.013 | 0.083 | 0.070 | |
90 | 99.99 | 0.002 | 0.074 | 0.072 |
Temperature | Hydrogen Purity (%) | OCV (V) | Measured Voltage (V) | Measured-OCV (V) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Inlet (Anode) | Permeate (Cathode) | ||||
120 °C | 50 | 99.39 | 0.012 | 0.454 | 0.442 |
90 | 99.56 | 0.002 | 0.300 | 0.298 | |
140 °C | 50 | 99.29 | 0.012 | 0.132 | 0.120 |
90 | 99.44 | 0.002 | 0.170 | 0.168 | |
160 °C | 50 | 99.34 | 0.013 | 0.125 | 0.112 |
90 | 99.63 | 0.002 | 0.138 | 0.136 |
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Vermaak, L.; Neomagus, H.W.J.P.; Bessarabov, D.G. Hydrogen Separation and Purification from Various Gas Mixtures by Means of Electrochemical Membrane Technology in the Temperature Range 100–160 °C. Membranes 2021, 11, 282. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11040282
Vermaak L, Neomagus HWJP, Bessarabov DG. Hydrogen Separation and Purification from Various Gas Mixtures by Means of Electrochemical Membrane Technology in the Temperature Range 100–160 °C. Membranes. 2021; 11(4):282. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11040282
Chicago/Turabian StyleVermaak, Leandri, Hein W. J. P. Neomagus, and Dmitri G. Bessarabov. 2021. "Hydrogen Separation and Purification from Various Gas Mixtures by Means of Electrochemical Membrane Technology in the Temperature Range 100–160 °C" Membranes 11, no. 4: 282. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11040282