Optimum Method Uploaded Nutrient Solution for Blended Biochar Pellet with Application of Nutrient Releasing Model as Slow Release Fertilizer
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Biochar Pellet Productions
2.2. Batch Column Experiment of Nutrient Precipitation and Chemical Analysis
2.3. Releasing Nutrient Model
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussions
4.1. Nitrogen Release from the Blended Biochar Pellet
4.2. PO4-P, K, and SiO2 Releases from the Blended Biochar Pellet
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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pH | EC | TC | TOC | TIC | TN | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(dS m−1) | ---------------------g kg−1--------------------- | |||||
Biochar | 9.78 (1:20) | 16.53 | 575.5 | 533.0 | 42.5 | 2.0 |
Pig manure compost | 8.77 (1:5) | 3.40 | 288.8 | 258.6 | 30.2 | 29.1 |
Treatments * | T-N | T-P | K | SiO2 |
---|---|---|---|---|
------------------------- g kg−1-------------------- | ||||
TN | 84.0 | 35.4 | 13.5 | 119.5 |
HTN | 102.0 | 29.5 | 11.8 | 125.5 |
TNPK | 75.2 | 32.8 | 57.2 | 108.6 |
HTNPK | 89.5 | 35.6 | 39.0 | 96.9 |
PMCP | 29.1 | 79.4 | 20.8 | 67.2 |
Treatments * | Model Parameters | Analysis of Variance | R2 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Amax | p-Values | t1/2(Amax) | p-Values | F | p-Values | ||
TN | 343.1 | <0.0001 | 10.0 | <0.0001 | 566.7 | <0.0001 | 0.916 |
HTN | 345.2 | <0.0001 | 6.9 | <0.0001 | 348.1 | <0.0001 | 0.870 |
TNPK | 342.7 | <0.0001 | 6.7 | <0.0001 | 405.2 | <0.0001 | 0.886 |
HTNPK | 374.6 | <0.0001 | 5.1 | <0.0001 | 266.0 | <0.0001 | 0.837 |
PMCP | 446.9 | <0.0001 | 39.4 | <0.0001 | 1962.5 | <0.0001 | 0.974 |
Treatments * | Model Parameters | Analysis of Variance | R2 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Amax | p-Values | t1/2(Amax) | p-Values | F | p-Values | ||
TN | 95.0 | <0.0001 | 3.2 | <0.0001 | 136.5 | <0.0001 | 0.724 |
HTN | 102.1 | <0.0001 | 2.6 | <0.0001 | 127.5 | <0.0001 | 0.710 |
TNPK | 101.1 | <0.0001 | 3.5 | <0.0001 | 202.0 | <0.0001 | 0.795 |
HTNPK | 97.7 | <0.0001 | 3.5 | <0.0001 | 161.5 | <0.0001 | 0.756 |
PMCP | 92.5 | <0.0001 | 3.3 | <0.0001 | 111.5 | <0.0001 | 0.682 |
Treatments * | Model Parameters | Analysis of Variance | R2 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Amax | p-Values | t1/2(Amax) | p-Values | F | p-Values | ||
TN | 1150.0 | <0.0001 | 15.9 | <0.0001 | 2454.8 | <0.0001 | 0.979 |
HTN | 1040.6 | <0.0001 | 14.3 | <0.0001 | 1436.4 | <0.0001 | 0.965 |
TNPK | 1071.1 | <0.0001 | 12.6 | <0.0001 | 2204.4 | <0.0001 | 0.977 |
HTNPK | 1106.7 | <0.0001 | 13.8 | <0.0001 | 2496.4 | <0.0001 | 0.980 |
PMCP | 1122.0 | <0.0001 | 20.1 | <0.0001 | 750.9 | <0.0001 | 0.935 |
Treatments * | Model Parameters | Analysis of Variance | R2 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Amax | p-Values | t1/2(Amax) | p-Values | F | p-Values | ||
TN | 1692.3 | <0.0001 | 0.6 | <0.0001 | 266.5 | <0.0001 | 0.905 |
HTN | 1708.6 | <0.0001 | 0.5 | <0.0001 | 323.7 | <0.0001 | 0.920 |
TNPK | 2637.4 | <0.0001 | 0.3 | <0.0001 | 759.0 | <0.0001 | 0.964 |
HTNPK | 2350.4 | <0.0001 | 0.3 | <0.0001 | 576.4 | <0.0001 | 0.954 |
PMCP | 1870.0 | <0.0001 | 0.7 | <0.0001 | 258.1 | <0.0001 | 0.902 |
Treatments * | Model Parameters | Analysis of Variance | R2 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Amax | p-Values | t1/2(Amax) | p-Values | F | p-Values | ||
TN | 3700.1 | <0.0001 | 22.3 | <0.0001 | 7328.6 | <0.0001 | 0.993 |
HTN | 3448.0 | <0.0001 | 23.4 | <0.0001 | 8354.6 | <0.0001 | 0.994 |
TNPK | 3386.0 | <0.0001 | 22.7 | <0.0001 | 9683.2 | <0.0001 | 0.995 |
HTNPK | 3612.0 | <0.0001 | 24.4 | <0.0001 | 11815.5 | <0.0001 | 0.996 |
PMCP | 1754.9 | <0.0001 | 8.8 | <0.0001 | 3128.4 | <0.0001 | 0.984 |
Treatments * | Total Water-Soluble Amounts (mg) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
NH4-N | NO3-N | PO4-P | K | SiO2 | |
TN | 2935.7 a | 94.7 ab | 984.8 | 1729.1 d | 2935.7 a |
HTN | 2689.1 a | 101.1 a | 931.4 | 1754.5 d | 2689.1 a |
TNPK | 2693.1 a | 97.9 a | 920.1 | 2680.5 a | 2693.1 a |
HTNPK | 2806.4 a | 94.5 ab | 975.8 | 2395.5 b | 2806.4 a |
PMCP | 131.0 b | 89.5 b | 995.6 | 1971.4 c | 1599.6 b |
F | 53.40 | 5.64 | 13.42 | 142.62 | 53.40 |
p-values | 0.0003 | 0.0427 | 0.0706 | <0.0001 | 0.0003 |
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Shin, J.; Park, S.; Lee, S. Optimum Method Uploaded Nutrient Solution for Blended Biochar Pellet with Application of Nutrient Releasing Model as Slow Release Fertilizer. Appl. Sci. 2019, 9, 1899. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9091899
Shin J, Park S, Lee S. Optimum Method Uploaded Nutrient Solution for Blended Biochar Pellet with Application of Nutrient Releasing Model as Slow Release Fertilizer. Applied Sciences. 2019; 9(9):1899. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9091899
Chicago/Turabian StyleShin, JoungDu, SangWon Park, and SunIl Lee. 2019. "Optimum Method Uploaded Nutrient Solution for Blended Biochar Pellet with Application of Nutrient Releasing Model as Slow Release Fertilizer" Applied Sciences 9, no. 9: 1899. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9091899