Building in Historical Areas: Identity Values and Energy Performance of Innovative Massive Stone Envelopes with Reference to Traditional Building Solutions
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Innovative Stone Massive Envelope Selection
2.2. Case Study Building Definition, Dynamic Simulation and Economic Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Energy Performace
3.2. Thermal Performance
3.3. Economic Analysis
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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WMO Station Identifier 162,060 | Latitude: 42.75; Longitude 11.07 | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
Outside Dry-Bulb Temperature (°C) | 6.9 | 7.8 | 9.3 | 12.4 | 16.7 | 20.6 | 23.6 | 23.7 | 20.8 | 16.3 | 11.4 | 8.1 |
Construction Element | Materials | Thickness | Thermal Transmittance |
---|---|---|---|
Ground floor | Timber flooring | 0.03 m | 0.20 W/(m2∙K) |
Floor screed | 0.07 m | ||
Glass fiber insulation | 0.15 m | ||
Concrete | 0.2 m | ||
Internal floor | Timber flooring | 0.03 m | 0.52 W/(m2∙K) |
Floor screed | 0.07 m | ||
Concrete | 0.2 m | ||
False ceiling | Plasterborad | 0.03 m | 2.19 W/(m2∙K) |
Roof | Clay tile | 0.025 m | 0.13 W/(m2∙K) |
Roofing felt | 0.005 m | ||
Stone wool | 0.24 m | ||
Concrete | 0.25 m | ||
Partition | Gypsum plasterboard | 0.025 m | 1.64 W/(m2∙K) |
Air gap | 0.1 m | ||
Gypsum plasterboard | 0.025 m | ||
Windows | PYR B clear | 0.003 m | 1.96 W/(m2∙K) |
Air | 0.013 m | ||
PYR B clear | 0.003 m |
Thermal Zone | Characteristics |
---|---|
1. Domestic dining room (ground floor) | Density: 0.017 people/m2 Activity metabolic rate: eating-drinking 110 W/person Target illuminance: 150 lux Equipment gain: 3.06 W/m2, radiant fraction 20% Schedule: from 6:00 am to 10:00 am and from 6:00 pm to 10:00 pm, 7 days/week |
2. Domestic kitchen (ground floor) | Density: 0.024 people/m2 Activity metabolic rate: work involving walking etc 160 W/person Target illuminance: 300 lux Equipment gain: 30.28 W/m2, radiant fraction 20% Schedule: from 7:00 am to 10:00 am and from 7:00 pm to 11:00 pm, 7 days/week |
3. Domestic bedroom (first floor) | Density: 0.023 people/m2 Activity metabolic rate: bedroom 90 W/person Target illuminance: 100 lux Equipment gain: 3.58 W/m2, radiant fraction 20% Schedule: from 10:00 pm to 9:00 am, 7 days/week |
4. Domestic bathroom (first floor) | Density: 0.019 people/m2 Activity metabolic rate: light work 120 W/person Target illuminance: 150 lux Equipment gain: 1.67 W/m2, radiant fraction 20% Schedule: from 7:00 am to 10:00 am and from 7:00 pm to 11:00 pm, 7 days/week |
Energy | Case T[40] | Case T[80] | Case I[Zum] | Case I[Abr] | Case I[Ber] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total site energy (kWh) | 11,981.5 | 11,052.6 | 8259.0 | 8464.7 | 8075.7 |
Energy savings with reference to the case T[40] (%) | - | 7.8 | 31.1 | 29.4 | 32.6 |
Time Lag and Decrement Factor | Case T[40] | Case T[80] | Case I[Zum] | Case I[Abr] | Case I[Ber] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
φ (h) | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 8 |
f (-) | 0.12 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.17 | 0.07 |
Construction Cost | Case T[40] | Case T[80] | Case I[Zum] | Case I[Abr] | Case I[Ber] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cost per square meter [€/m2] | 159.1 | 271.1 | 316.8 | 332.8 | 239.2 |
Total cost [€] | 34,114.1 | 58,127.5 | 67,921.5 | 71,347.7 | 51,285.8 |
Energy Cost | Case T[40] | Case T[80] | Case I[Zum] | Case I[Abr] | Case I[Ber] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Annual cost for heating [€] | 421.5 | 426.1 | 209.5 | 219.6 | 194.6 |
Annual cost for cooling [€] | 132.5 | 111.1 | 96.1 | 106.6 | 79.7 |
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Mariani, S.; Rosso, F.; Ferrero, M. Building in Historical Areas: Identity Values and Energy Performance of Innovative Massive Stone Envelopes with Reference to Traditional Building Solutions. Buildings 2018, 8, 17. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings8020017
Mariani S, Rosso F, Ferrero M. Building in Historical Areas: Identity Values and Energy Performance of Innovative Massive Stone Envelopes with Reference to Traditional Building Solutions. Buildings. 2018; 8(2):17. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings8020017
Chicago/Turabian StyleMariani, Silvia, Federica Rosso, and Marco Ferrero. 2018. "Building in Historical Areas: Identity Values and Energy Performance of Innovative Massive Stone Envelopes with Reference to Traditional Building Solutions" Buildings 8, no. 2: 17. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings8020017