Comorbidities in Patients with Autoimmune Bullous Disorders: Hospital-Based Registry Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Study Population
2.3. Statistical Analysis
2.4. Ethical Aspects
3. Results
3.1. Incidence and Trends
3.2. Sociodemographic and Epidemiological Characteristics
3.3. Comorbidities
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
ABDs | Autoimmune bullous disorders |
CBDC | Chronic Bullous Disease of Childhood |
AEB | Acquired Epidermolysis Bullosa |
MBDS | Minimum Basic Data Set |
COPD | Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease |
ICD-10 | International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th revision |
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Variable | Pemphigus (N = 1950) | Pemphigoid (N = 5424) | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
Age, years, mean (SD) | 71.3 (17.6) | 80.1 (12.7) | <0.001 * |
Age groups, n (%) | |||
0–17 years | 26 (1.3) | 24 (0.4) | <0.001 * |
18–64 years | 509 (26.1) | 450 (8.3) | |
≥65 years | 1415 (72.6) | 4950 (91.3) | |
Sex, n (%) | |||
Male | 947 (49.9) | 2758 (50.8) | 0.50 |
Female | 976 (50.1) | 2666 (49.2) | |
Nationality, n (%) | |||
Spain | 1455 (74.6) | 4187 (77.2) | 0.021 * |
Other countries | 495 (25.4) | 1237 (22.8) | |
Diagnostic rank, n (%) | |||
Primary diagnosis | 415 (21.1) | 1309 (24.1) | 0.35 |
Second diagnosis | 170 (8.7) | 291 (5.4) | |
Third diagnosis | 158 (8) | 339 (6.2) | |
4th or other diagnosis | 1207 (62.2) | 3485 (64.3) | |
Type of admission, n (%) | |||
Emergency | 1563 (80.2) | 4755 (87.7) | <0.001 * |
Elective | 385 (19.7) | 664 (12.3) | |
Unknown | 2 (0.1) | 5 (0.1) | |
Ward of admission, n (%) | |||
Dermatology | 181 (9.3) | 418 (7.7) | 0.029 * |
Others | 1769 (90.7) | 5006 (92.3) | |
Reason for admission, by major diagnostic category, n (%) | |||
Skin, subcutaneous tissue and breast | 467 (23.9) | 1480 (27.3) | 0.004 * |
Respiratory system | 315 (16.2) | 1027 (18.9) | 0.006 * |
Circulatory system | 222 (11.4) | 684 (12.6) | 0.16 |
Kidney and urinary tract | 134 (6.9) | 469 (8.6) | 0.014 * |
Digestive system | 139 (7.1) | 339 (6.3) | 0.18 |
Infectious and parasitic diseases and disorders | 108 (5.5) | 271 (5.0) | 0.35 |
Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | 96 (4.9) | 241 (4.4) | 0.38 |
Others | 469 (24.1) | 913 (16.9) | ND |
Length of hospital stay (days), mean (SD) | 11.1 (17.8) | 10.6 (12.2) | 0.16 |
Type of discharge, n (%) | |||
Home | 1619 (83.1) | 4491 (82.9) | 0.037 * |
Transfer to another hospital | 61 (3.1) | 137 (2.5) | |
Voluntary discharge | 9 (0.5) | 9 (0.2) | |
Death | 181 (9.3) | 521 (9.6) | |
Transfer to another (non-hospital) center | 53 (2.7) | 202 (3.7) | |
Other | 25 (1.3) | 60 (1.1) | |
Unknown | 2 (0.1) | 4 (0.1) | |
Deaths, n (%) | |||
Total deaths | 181 (9.3) | 521 (9.6) | 0.68 |
Primary diagnosis of ABD | 14 (3.4) | 52 (4) | <0.001 * |
2nd or 3rd diagnosis of ABD | 17 (5.3) | 46 (7.4) | |
4th or other diagnosis of ABD | 150 (12.4) | 423 (12.1) |
Comorbidities | Pemphigus (N = 1950) n (%) | Pemphigoid (N = 5424) n (%) | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
Age-adjusted Charlson index, mean (SD) | 4.7 (2.9) | 6.01 (2.4) | <0.001 * |
Hypertension | 731 (37.5) | 2233 (41.2) | 0.004 * |
Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 481 (24.7) | 1617 (29.8) | <0.001 * |
Kidney disease | 455 (23.2) | 2009 (37.0) | <0.001 * |
Neoplasm | 263 (13.5) | 462 (8.5) | <0.001 * |
Heart failure | 253 (13) | 1114 (20.5) | <0.001 * |
Ischemic cardiopathy | 243 (12.5) | 742 (13.7) | 0.18 |
Dementia | 184 (9.4) | 852 (15.3) | <0.001 * |
Cerebrovascular disease | 176 (9) | 572 (10.5) | 0.057 |
Osteoporosis | 144 (7.4) | 298 (5.5) | 0.003 * |
COPD | 142 (7.3) | 562 (10.4) | <0.001 * |
Mild liver disease | 85 (4.4) | 260 (4.8) | 0.44 |
Depressive disorder | 81 (4.2) | 278 (5.1) | 0.087 |
Asthma | 68 (3.5) | 243 (4.5) | 0.061 |
Solid metastasis | 63 (3.2) | 104 (1.9) | 0.001 * |
Peripheral vascular disease | 58 (3) | 142 (2.6) | 0.41 |
Anxiety disorder | 55 (2.8) | 134 (2.5) | 0.40 |
Malignant lymphoma | 50 (2.6) | 18 (0.3) | <0.001 * |
Parkinson’s disease | 47 (2.4) | 181 (3.3) | 0.043 * |
Epilepsy | 47 (2.4) | 128 (2.4) | 0.90 |
Connective tissue disease | 27 (1.4) | 85 (1.6) | 0.57 |
Severe liver disease | 27 (1.4) | 82 (1.5) | 0.69 |
Psoriasis | 27 (1.4) | 106 (2) | 0.11 |
Leukemia | 26 (1.3) | 51 (0.9) | 0.14 |
Hemiplegia | 21 (1.1) | 41 (0.8) | 0.18 |
Rheumatoid arthritis | 17 (0.9) | 49 (0.9) | 0.90 |
Ulcerative colitis | 13 (0.7) | 21 (0.4) | 0.12 |
Schizophrenia | 8 (0.4) | 32 (0.6) | 0.35 |
Ulcer disease | 8 (0.4) | 26 (0.5) | 0.70 |
Lichen planus | 6 (0.3) | 2 (0) | 0.002 * |
Multiple sclerosis | 5 (0.3) | 32 (0.6) | 0.074 |
Bipolar disorder | 5 (0.3) | 12 (0.2) | 0.78 |
Thyroiditis | 5 (0.3) | 9 (0.2) | 0.43 |
Type 1 diabetes mellitus | 4 (0.2) | 16 (0.3) | 0.51 |
AIDS | 4 (0.2) | 5 (0.1) | 0.22 |
Psychosis | 2 (0.1) | 15 (0.3) | 0.17 |
Celiac disease | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | - |
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Sánchez-García, V.; Pérez-Alcaraz, L.; Belinchón-Romero, I.; Ramos-Rincón, J.-M. Comorbidities in Patients with Autoimmune Bullous Disorders: Hospital-Based Registry Study. Life 2022, 12, 595. https://doi.org/10.3390/life12040595
Sánchez-García V, Pérez-Alcaraz L, Belinchón-Romero I, Ramos-Rincón J-M. Comorbidities in Patients with Autoimmune Bullous Disorders: Hospital-Based Registry Study. Life. 2022; 12(4):595. https://doi.org/10.3390/life12040595
Chicago/Turabian StyleSánchez-García, Verónica, Lorena Pérez-Alcaraz, Isabel Belinchón-Romero, and Jose-Manuel Ramos-Rincón. 2022. "Comorbidities in Patients with Autoimmune Bullous Disorders: Hospital-Based Registry Study" Life 12, no. 4: 595. https://doi.org/10.3390/life12040595