Minerals 2017, 7(1), 5; doi:10.3390/min7010005
Characterization of a Fine-Grained Interstratification of Turbostratic Talc and Saponite
1
Competence Center for Material Moisture (CMM), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
2
Chair of Foundation Engineering, Soil- and Rock Mechanics, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany
3
Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) GmbH, BU Functional Minerals, BL Adsorbents, Ostenrieder Str. 15, 85368 Moosburg, Germany
4
Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) GmbH, Competence Center Colorants & Functional Chemicals, Group Technology & Innovation, Industriepark Höchst, Gebäude G 860 (CIC), 65926 Frankfurt, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editors: Annalisa Martucci and Huifang Xu
Received: 8 November 2016 / Revised: 19 December 2016 / Accepted: 23 December 2016 / Published: 5 January 2017
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights in Stability, Structure and Properties of Porous Materials)
Abstract
Interstratifications of talc and trioctahedral smectites from different provenances are used as indicators for geological environments and for geotechnical and technical applications. However, comprehensive layer characterization of these interstratifications is rare. Sample EX M 1694, a clay with red-beige appearance from the Madrid basin was studied by X-ray diffraction analysis, X-ray fluorescence analysis, Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy, simultaneous thermal analysis, gas adsorption measurements, cation exchange capacity, and environmental scanning electron microscopy. More than 95% of particles in EX M 1964 belong to the clay fraction <2 µm. It contains 75% interstratification of 30% turbostratic talc, and 70% saponite type III and 25% turbostratic talc. The turbostratic talc(0.3)/saponite interstratification is characterized by a low number of layers per stack (3), small lateral dimension of layers (60–80 nm) and, accordingly, a high specific surface area (283 m2/g) with nearly equal surface area of micro- and mesopores. Thus, the studied material can be used as mined for adsorption, in contrast to acid-treated clays that produce hazardous waste during production. Low particle size of the interstratification drastically reduced thermal stability and dehydroxylation was superimposed by recrystallization of high temperature phases already at 816 °C, which is low for trioctahedral 2:1 layer minerals. View Full-TextKeywords:
talc; kerolite; saponite; stevensite; mixed layer; modelling of one-dimensional X-ray pattern; simultaneous thermal analysis
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Steudel, A.; Friedrich, F.; Schuhmann, R.; Ruf, F.; Sohling, U.; Emmerich, K. Characterization of a Fine-Grained Interstratification of Turbostratic Talc and Saponite. Minerals 2017, 7, 5.
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