Correction: Zammit et al. Association between the Concentration and the Elemental Composition of Outdoor PM2.5 and Respiratory Diseases in Schoolchildren: A Multicenter Study in the Mediterranean Area. Atmosphere 2020, 11, 1290
by
, , , , and
Christopher Zammit
1, 
David Bilocca
1,*,
Silvia Ruggieri
2,
Gaspare Drago
2,
Cinzia Perrino
3,
Silvia Canepari
4,
Martin Balzan
1,
Stephen Montefort
1,
Giovanni Viegi
2,
Fabio Cibella
2 and
on behalf of the RESPIRA Collaborative Project Group
† 1
Department of Medicine, University of Malta, 2080 Msida, MSD, Malta
2
National Research Council of Italy, Institute Biomedical Research and Innovation, 90146 Palermo, Italy
3
National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
4
Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
The Indoor and Outdoor Air Quality and Respiratory Health in Malta and Sicily—RESPIRA Collaborative Study Group: Martin Balzan, Charles Borg, Stephen Montefort, Salvatore Bucchieri, Fabio Cibella, Paolo Colombo, Giuseppina Cuttitta, Gaspare Drago, Giuliana Ferrante, Luca L’Abbate, Stefania La Grutta, Valeria Longo, Mario R Melis, Silvia Ruggieri, Giovanni Viegi, Remo Minardi, Giuseppe Piva, Rosaria Ristagno, Gianfranco Rizzo, Gianluca Scaccianoce.
Atmosphere 2021, 12(6), 706; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12060706
Submission received: 2 March 2021
/
Accepted: 18 May 2021
/
Published: 30 May 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Air Quality and Health in the Mediterranean)
In the original article [1], there was a mistake in the legend for Figure 6. The correct legend appears below. The authors apologize for any inconvenience caused and state that the scientific conclusions are unaffected. The original article has been updated.
In the original article, there were some mistakes in Table 1 as published. Due to a material error, most of the percentages (not the absolute values) in the table were erroneously indicated. The corrected Table 1 appears below. The authors apologize for any inconvenience caused and state that the scientific conclusions are unaffected. The original article has been updated.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Reference
- Zammit, C.; Bilocca, D.; Ruggieri, S.; Drago, G.; Perrino, C.; Canepari, S.; Balzan, M.; Montefort, S.; Viegi, G.; Cibella, F.; et al. Association between the Concentration and the Elemental Composition of Outdoor PM2.5 and Respiratory Diseases in Schoolchildren: A Multicenter Study in the Mediterranean Area. Atmosphere 2020, 11, 1290. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
Figure 6.
Schematic representation of the relationships between prevalence (and 95% confidence interval) of doctor diagnosis of asthma, current asthma, use of medicine for asthma in the last 12 months, and rhinitis in the last 12 months, and outdoor vanadium concentration (mean and 95% confidence interval) per each community (Cos/Zej: Cospicua/Zejtun).
Figure 6.
Schematic representation of the relationships between prevalence (and 95% confidence interval) of doctor diagnosis of asthma, current asthma, use of medicine for asthma in the last 12 months, and rhinitis in the last 12 months, and outdoor vanadium concentration (mean and 95% confidence interval) per each community (Cos/Zej: Cospicua/Zejtun).
Table 1.
Characteristics of the study sample (total no. = 2050). The characteristics of each community (urban, rural, industrial) are also indicated.
Table 1.
Characteristics of the study sample (total no. = 2050). The characteristics of each community (urban, rural, industrial) are also indicated.
| Malta (No. = 860) | Italy (No. = 1190) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hamrun Urban/Industrial (No. = 341) | Cospicua/Zejtun Industrial (No. = 235) | Mosta Rural (No. = 284) | Gela Industrial (No. = 593) | Niscemi Rural (No. = 314) | Butera Rural (No. = 119) | Mazzarino Rural (No. = 164) | |
| General characteristics | |||||||
| Age Years, mean (±SD) | 12.9 (±0.7) | 12.5 (±0.7) | 12.1 (±0.5) | 11.8 (±1.1) | 11.7 (±1.1) | 11.9 (±1.1) | 12.0 (±1.1) |
| Male/Female (No.) | 157/184 | 101/134 | 120/164 | 296/297 | 154/160 | 61/58 | 83/81 |
| Parental atopy No. (%) | 41 (12.0%) | 30 (12.8%) | 29 (10.2%) | 59 (10.0%) | 32 (10.2%) | 9 (7.6%) | 8 (4.9%) |
| Crowding index > 1 No. (%) | 147 (43.1%) | 88 (37.4%) | 108 (38.0%) | 179 (30.2%) | 78 (24.8%) | 37 (31.1%) | 55 (33.5%) |
| Respiratory health | |||||||
| Acute respiratory disease in the first 2 yrs No. (%) | 43 (12.6%) | 33 (14.0%) | 40 (14.1%) | 168 (28.3%) | 102 (32.5%) | 24 (20.2%) | 59 (36.0%) |
| Doctor diagnosed asthma No. (%) | 63 (18.5%) | 48 (20.4%) | 44 (15.5%) | 57 (9.6%) | 22 (7.0%) | 3 (2.5%) | 7 (4.3%) |
| Current asthma No. (%) | 28 (8.2%) | 18 (7.7%) | 21 (7.4%) | 22 (3.7%) | 8 (2.5%) | 2 (1.7%) | 3 (1.8%) |
| Asthma medication 12 months No. (%) | 40 (11.7%) | 36 (15.3%) | 28 (9.9%) | 40 (6.7%) | 15 (4.8%) | 1 (0.8%) | 2 (1.2%) |
| Rhinitis 12 months No. (%) | 106 (31.1%) | 61 (26.0%) | 68 (23.9%) | 171 (28.8%) | 61 (19.4%) | 18 (15.1%) | 30 (18.3%) |
| Home Exposures | |||||||
| Dampness exposure No. (%) | 81 (23.8%) | 20 (8.5%) | 47 (16.5%) | 73 (12.3%) | 34 (10.8%) | 14 (11.7%) | 20 (12.2%) |
| Domestic exposure to tobacco smoke No. (%) | 77 (22.6%) | 37 (15.7%) | 52 (18.3%) | 101 (17.0%) | 88 (28.0%) | 25 (21.0%) | 27 (16.5%) |
| Pets No. (%) | 204 (59.8%) | 145 (61.7%) | 157 (55.3%) | 145 (24.5%) | 47 (15.0%) | 14 (11.8%) | 37 (22.6%) |
| Traffic No. (%) | 97 (28.4%) | 44 (18.7%) | 59 (20.8%) | 178 (30.0%) | 56 (17.8%) | 13 (10.9%) | 33 (20.1%) |
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Zammit, C.; Bilocca, D.; Ruggieri, S.; Drago, G.; Perrino, C.; Canepari, S.; Balzan, M.; Montefort, S.; Viegi, G.; Cibella, F.; et al. Correction: Zammit et al. Association between the Concentration and the Elemental Composition of Outdoor PM2.5 and Respiratory Diseases in Schoolchildren: A Multicenter Study in the Mediterranean Area. Atmosphere 2020, 11, 1290. Atmosphere 2021, 12, 706. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12060706
AMA Style
Zammit C, Bilocca D, Ruggieri S, Drago G, Perrino C, Canepari S, Balzan M, Montefort S, Viegi G, Cibella F, et al. Correction: Zammit et al. Association between the Concentration and the Elemental Composition of Outdoor PM2.5 and Respiratory Diseases in Schoolchildren: A Multicenter Study in the Mediterranean Area. Atmosphere 2020, 11, 1290. Atmosphere. 2021; 12(6):706. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12060706
Chicago/Turabian StyleZammit, Christopher, David Bilocca, Silvia Ruggieri, Gaspare Drago, Cinzia Perrino, Silvia Canepari, Martin Balzan, Stephen Montefort, Giovanni Viegi, Fabio Cibella, and et al. 2021. "Correction: Zammit et al. Association between the Concentration and the Elemental Composition of Outdoor PM2.5 and Respiratory Diseases in Schoolchildren: A Multicenter Study in the Mediterranean Area. Atmosphere 2020, 11, 1290" Atmosphere 12, no. 6: 706. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12060706
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