Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis on Metastatic Prostate Cancer with Disease Progression
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Patient Population
2.2. Clinical Data Collection
2.3. ctDNA Somatic and Germline Variant Analysis
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Patient Characteristics
3.2. Somatic Mutation Profiles of ctDNA in Metastatic Prostate Cancer
3.3. BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutation Frequencies in Metastatic Prostate Cancer
BRCA1/2-Altered Metastatic Prostate Cancer’s Clinical and Pathological Characteristics
3.4. Clinical and Pathological Characteristics of Aggressive-Variant Prostate Cancer (AVPC)
3.5. Progression of Prostate Cancer and ctDNA NGS Positivity
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameter | mHSPC (n = 23) | mCRPC (n = 77) | Total (n = 100) |
---|---|---|---|
Age at time of ctDNA collection, median, years (range) | 69 (57–87) | 72 (51–90) | 71.5 (51–90) |
PSA at time of ctDNA collection, median, ng/mL (range) | 80.90 (0.3–3110) | 52.1 (<0.01 to >5000) | 62.9 (<0.01 to >5000) |
Synchronous metastases, n (%) | 23 (100.0%) | 40 (51.9%) | 63 (63.0%) |
Gleason grade group, n (%) | |||
1 to 3 | 3 (13.0%) | 4 (5.2%) | 7 (7.07%) |
4 | 10 (43.4%) | 19 (24.7%) | 29 (29.3%) |
5 | 10 (43.4%) | 53 (68.9%) | 63 (63.6%) |
unidentified | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (1.3%) | 1 (1.01%) |
Metastatic sites at time of ctDNA collection, n (%) | |||
bone | 22 (95.7%) | 76 (98.7%) | 97 (97.0%) |
lymph node | 13 (56.5%) | 38 (49.4%) | 51 (51.0%) |
liver | 0 (0.0%) | 11 (14.3%) | 11 (11.0%) |
lung | 3 (13.0%) | 7 (9.1%) | 10 (10.0%) |
other | 0 (0.0%) | 9 (11.7%) | 9 (9.0%) |
Prior drug exposure, n (%) | |||
abiraterone | 5 (21.7%) | 42 (54.5%) | 47 (47.0%) |
enzalutamide | 0 (0.0%) | 15 (19.5%) | 15 (15.0%) |
docetaxel | 1 (4.8%) | 32 (42.6%) | 33 (33.0%) |
cabazitaxel | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (3.9%) | 3 (3.0%) |
PARP inhibitor | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (2.6%) | 2 (2.0%) |
Completed systemic therapy, n (%) | |||
1 or less | 0 (0.0%) | 54 (70.1%) | |
2 | 0 (0.0%) | 17 (22.1%) | |
3 or more | 0 (0.0%) | 6 (7.8%) |
Germline Variants | Somatic Variants | Total Variants | |
---|---|---|---|
mCRPC (n = 77) | 7 (9.1%) | 11 (14.3%) | 18 (23.4%) |
mHSPC (n = 23) | 1 (4.3%) | 4 (19.0%) | 5 (21.7%) |
mPC (n = 100) | 8 (8.0%) | 15 (15.0%) | 23 (22.0%) |
BRCA1/2 Mutated N = 23 | BRCA1/2 Wild Type N = 76 | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Age at diagnosis (years) mean ± SD | 69.4 ± 6.71 | 67.2 ± 8.28 | 0.244 1 |
PSA at diagnosis (ng/mL) median (range) | 55.8 (3.9–1422) | 117.1 (3.56–5000) | 0.123 2 |
Gleason grade group, N (%) † | 0.094 3 | ||
1–4 | 7 (30.4%) | 40 (52.6%) | |
5 | 16 (69.6%) | 36 (47.4%) |
BRCA1/2 Mutated N = 12 | BRCA1/2 Wild Type N = 52 | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Age at diagnosis (years) mean ± SD | 70.6 ± 7.44 | 67.5 ± 7.67 | 0.206 1 |
PSA at diagnosis (ng/mL) median (range) | 61.8 (4.50–1422) | 224.4 (5.33–5000) | 0.034 2 |
Gleason grade group, N (%) † | 0.022 3 | ||
1–4 | 2 (16.7%) | 29 (56.9%) | |
5 | 10 (83.3%) | 22 (43.1%) |
BRCA1/2 Mutated N = 11 | BRCA1/2 Wild Type N = 24 | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Age at diagnosis (years) mean ± SD | 68.2 ± 5.91 | 67.4 ± 9.11 | 0.801 1 |
PSA at diagnosis (ng/mL) median (range) | 50.9 (3.9–390.3) | 20.0 (3.56–333.3) | 0.224 2 |
Gleason grade group, N (%) † | 0.833 3 | ||
1–4 | 5 (45.5%) | 10 (41.7%) | |
5 | 6 (54.5%) | 14 (58.3%) |
AVPC N = 36 | Non-AVPC N = 63 | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Age at diagnosis (years) mean ± SD | 67.8 ± 7.91 | 68.0 ± 7.80 | 0.900 1 |
PSA at diagnosis (ng/mL) median (range) | 33.0 (3.9–5000) | 121.1 (3.56–3110) | 0.089 2 |
Gleason grade group, N (%) † | 0.196 3 | ||
1–4 | 14 (38.9%) | 33 (52.4%) | |
5 | 22 (61.1%) | 30 (47.6%) |
mCRPC pts (n = 74) | ctDNA Negative (n = 23) | ctDNA Positive (n = 51) | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
PSA (ng/mL) Median (range) | 12.0 (0.1–5000) | 75.0 (0.1–5000) | 0.0844 * | |
PSA progression (row %) | No | 11 (40.7) | 16 (59.3) | 0.1996 † |
Yes | 12 (25.5) | 35 (74.5) | ||
Radiographic progression (row %) | No | 9 (69.2) | 4 (30.8) | 0.0022 † |
Yes | 14 (22.9) | 47 (77.1) | ||
Clinical progression (row %) | No | 19 (42.2) | 26 (57.8) | 0.0111 † |
Yes | 4 (13.8) | 25 (86.2) |
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Bang, S.; Won, D.; Shin, S.; Cho, K.S.; Park, J.W.; Lee, J.; Choi, Y.D.; Kang, S.; Lee, S.-T.; Choi, J.R.; et al. Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis on Metastatic Prostate Cancer with Disease Progression. Cancers 2023, 15, 3998. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15153998
Bang S, Won D, Shin S, Cho KS, Park JW, Lee J, Choi YD, Kang S, Lee S-T, Choi JR, et al. Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis on Metastatic Prostate Cancer with Disease Progression. Cancers. 2023; 15(15):3998. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15153998
Chicago/Turabian StyleBang, Sungun, Dongju Won, Saeam Shin, Kang Su Cho, Jae Won Park, Jongsoo Lee, Young Deuk Choi, Suwan Kang, Seung-Tae Lee, Jong Rak Choi, and et al. 2023. "Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis on Metastatic Prostate Cancer with Disease Progression" Cancers 15, no. 15: 3998. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15153998