Oncolytic Viruses as Therapeutic Tools for Pediatric Brain Tumors
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Pediatric Brain Tumors
1.2. Oncolytic Viruses
2. Oncolytic Viruses for PBTs
2.1. Medulloblastoma
2.1.1. Herpes Simplex Virus
2.1.2. Measles Virus
2.1.3. Parvovirus H1
2.1.4. Reovirus
2.1.5. Myxoma Virus
2.1.6. Adenovirus
Seneca Valley Virus-001
2.2. Atypical Teratoid Rhabdoid Tumors
2.2.1. Measles Virus
2.2.2. Double-Deleted Vaccinia Virus
2.2.3. Herpes Simplex Virus
2.2.4. Vesicular Stomatitis Virus
2.2.5. Myxoma Virus
2.3. Gliomas
2.3.1. Seneca Valley Virus
2.3.2. Parvovirus H-1
2.3.3. Newcastle Disease Virus
2.3.4. Herpes Simplex Virus
2.3.5. Adenovirus
3. Limitations of Oncolytic Viruses
4. Future Perspective
5. Conclusions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Oncolytic Virus | Name | Genetic Modification | Pediatric Brain Tumor | Development Phase | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Herpes simplex virus-1 | HSV-1716 | 759 nucleotide deletion in both copies of RL-1 genes | Medulloblastoma DIPG | Clinical trial (NCT02031965) | [17,18] |
G207 | Deletion of both copies of the g134.5 gene and a lacZ insertion into the UL39 gene which encodes viral ribonucle- otide reductase (ICP6) | Medulloblastoma Ependimoma Glioblastoma | Clinical trials (NCT02457845) | [18,19,20] | |
M002 | Deletion of both copies of g134.5 and expresses murine IL-12 constitutively under the transcriptional control of the murine early growth response 1 promoter | Medulloblastoma | Preclinical phase | [19] | |
rRp450 | Deficient in the viral-encoded ribonucleotide reductase (ICP6) | Medulloblastoma AT/RT | Preclinical phase | [21] | |
Measles | Edmonston’s strain | Naturally oncolytic | Medulloblastoma AT/RT | Preclinical phase | [20,22,23] |
Parvovirus H-1 | H-1PV | Naturally oncolytic | Medulloblastoma High grade gliomas DIPG | Preclinical phase | [24,25] |
Reovirus serotype 3 | Reovirus | Naturally oncolytic | Medulloblastoma | Preclinical phase | [26] |
Myxoma | - | Naturally oncolytic | Medulloblastoma | Preclinical phase | [27] |
Adenovirus | Delta24 | 24-base pair deletion in the Rb-binding region of the E1A gene | Medulloblastoma | Preclinical phase | [28] |
Delta24RGD (DNX-2401) | 24-base pair deletion in the Rb-binding region of the E1A gene. Insertion of RGD motif in the fiber knob. | DIPG | Clinical trial (NCT03178032) | [29,30,31] | |
Seneca Valley-001 | NTX-010 | Naturally oncolytic | Medulloblastoma Glioblastoma Anaplastic astrocitoma | Preclinical phase | [32,33] |
Vaccinia | vvDD | Deletion of thymidine kinase and vaccinia growth factor genes | AT/RT | Preclinical phase | [34] |
Vesicular Stomatitis | VSVΔM51 | Deletion of methionine 51 in the M protein | AT/RT | Preclinical phase | [35] |
Myxoma | - | Naturally oncolytic | AT/RT | Preclinical phase | [35] |
Newcastle disease | MTH-68/H | - | Glioblastoma Anaplastic astrocitoma | Preclinical phase | [36,37] |
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Varela-Guruceaga, M.; Tejada-Solís, S.; García-Moure, M.; Fueyo, J.; Gomez-Manzano, C.; Patiño-García, A.; Alonso, M.M. Oncolytic Viruses as Therapeutic Tools for Pediatric Brain Tumors. Cancers 2018, 10, 226. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers10070226
Varela-Guruceaga M, Tejada-Solís S, García-Moure M, Fueyo J, Gomez-Manzano C, Patiño-García A, Alonso MM. Oncolytic Viruses as Therapeutic Tools for Pediatric Brain Tumors. Cancers. 2018; 10(7):226. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers10070226
Chicago/Turabian StyleVarela-Guruceaga, Maider, Sonia Tejada-Solís, Marc García-Moure, Juan Fueyo, Candelaria Gomez-Manzano, Ana Patiño-García, and Marta M. Alonso. 2018. "Oncolytic Viruses as Therapeutic Tools for Pediatric Brain Tumors" Cancers 10, no. 7: 226. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers10070226