Towards an Improved Environmental Understanding of Land Surface Dynamics in Ukraine Based on Multi-Source Remote Sensing Time-Series Datasets from 1982 to 2013
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Area
2.2. Data
2.2.1. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index
2.2.2. Environmental Variables
2.3. Methods
2.3.1. Trend Analysis
2.3.2. Correlation Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Trends of NDVI Series
3.2. Characteristics of the Main Time Periods of the Trend Shifts in Ukraine
3.3. Factors of Land Surface Dynamics in Ukraine
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
NDVI | Normalized Difference Vegetation Index |
AVHRR | Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer |
GIMMS | Global Inventory Monitoring and Modelling System |
ESA | European Space Agency |
CRU | Climate Research Unit |
BFAST | Break For Additive Season and Trend |
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Trend Type | Cropland | Grassland | Forest |
---|---|---|---|
Monotonic increase | 4.66 | 7.34 | 2.53 |
Decrease with burst | 6.96 | 13.27 | 0.73 |
Increase with setback | 11.21 | 24.41 | 7.43 |
Increase to decrease | 18.97 | 44.49 | 10.31 |
Correlation Coefficient Range | Cropland | Forest | Grassland |
---|---|---|---|
0.36–0.44 | 20.34 | 10.45 | 41.04 |
0.45–0.53 | 16.94 | 9.86 | 34.67 |
0.54–0.77 | 8.70 | 4.47 | 15.10 |
Correlation Coefficient Range | Cropland | Forest | Grassland |
---|---|---|---|
−0.55–(−0.21) | 0.53 | 0.31 | 2.27 |
0.1–0.44 | 8.91 | 1.84 | 19.72 |
0.45–0.68 | 7.79 | 1.25 | 14.80 |
Correlation Coefficient Range | Cropland | Forest | Grassland |
---|---|---|---|
−0.47–(−0.18) | 0.32 | 0.59 | 1.02 |
0.1–0.44 | 6.24 | 2.01 | 9.53 |
0.45–0.65 | 3.64 | 0.59 | 6.01 |
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Ghazaryan, G.; Dubovyk, O.; Kussul, N.; Menz, G. Towards an Improved Environmental Understanding of Land Surface Dynamics in Ukraine Based on Multi-Source Remote Sensing Time-Series Datasets from 1982 to 2013. Remote Sens. 2016, 8, 617. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8080617
Ghazaryan G, Dubovyk O, Kussul N, Menz G. Towards an Improved Environmental Understanding of Land Surface Dynamics in Ukraine Based on Multi-Source Remote Sensing Time-Series Datasets from 1982 to 2013. Remote Sensing. 2016; 8(8):617. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8080617
Chicago/Turabian StyleGhazaryan, Gohar, Olena Dubovyk, Nataliia Kussul, and Gunter Menz. 2016. "Towards an Improved Environmental Understanding of Land Surface Dynamics in Ukraine Based on Multi-Source Remote Sensing Time-Series Datasets from 1982 to 2013" Remote Sensing 8, no. 8: 617. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8080617