Developing Allometric Equations for Estimating Shrub Biomass in a Boreal Fen
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Area
2.2. Aboveground Biomass Sampling
2.3. Allometrics
2.3.1. Local Equations
2.3.2. Published Equations
3. Results
3.1. Local Equations
3.2. Published Equations
4. Discussion
4.1. The Value of Phylogenetic Equations
4.2. Equation Portability
4.3. The Variability in Size Classes
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Shrubs Harvested | Stems Harvested | Average Height (m) | Average Number of Stems per Shrub | Basal Diameter Range (cm) | Stem Length Range (cm) | Dried Stem Biomass Range (g) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Site 1 | |||||||
Alnus spp. | 8 | 21 | 3.09 | 8 | 0.64–5.70 | 89–389 | 16–1598 |
Salix spp. | 16 | 37 | 1.46 | 26 | 0.31–2.76 | 60–209 | 7–386 |
Betula pumila | 13 | 25 | 1.59 | 18 | 0.31–1.37 | 39–250 | 6–129 |
Site 2 | |||||||
Alnus spp. | 6 | 6 | 4.89 | 1 | 3.12–5.18 | 381–545 | 643–2718 |
Salix spp. | 12 | 12 | 3.45 | 1 | 1.16–2.75 | 242–450 | 78–1635 |
n | a | B | R2 | RMSE (g) | MAPE | CV-RMSE (g) | a Test-t-Value (p) | b Test-t-Value (p) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Phylogenetic Equations | |||||||||
Alnus | 27 | 44.06 | 2.395 | 0.983 | 0.209 | 2.9% | 0.194 | 1.83 (0.07) | 1.83 (0.07) |
Salix | 49 | 55.85 | 2.325 | 0.943 | 0.344 | 6.2% | 0.325 | 0.94 (0.35) | 1.56 (0.12) |
Betula | 25 | 49.52 | 2.027 | 0.907 | 0.254 | 7.2% | 0.260 | 0.19 (0.85) | 0.77 (0.44) |
Alnus & Salix | 76 | 52.88 | 2.291 | 0.961 | 0.314 | 5.4% | 0.293 | 0.44 (0.66) | 0.56 (0.57) |
General Equation | |||||||||
General | 82 | 53.37 | 2.251 | 0.967 | 0.291 | 5.9% | 0.287 | N/A | N/A |
D Range (cm) | a | b | R2 | RMSE (g) | b Test-t-Value (p) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conolly & Grigal [20] | ||||||
Alnus rugosa | 0.25–3 | 33.722 | 2.712 | 0.880 | 0.558 | 4.56 (<0.01) * |
Salix spp. | 0.25–3 | 60.153 | 2.202 | 0.962 | 0.315 | 0.72 (0.48) |
Betula pumila | 0.25–2.25 | 59.777 | 2.579 | 0.930 | 0.426 | 3.92 (<0.01) * |
Berner et al. [28] | ||||||
Alnus spp. pooled | 0.18–9.52 | 19.40 | 2.78 | 0.608 | 1.006 | 3.18 (<0.01) * |
Salix spp. pooled | 0.01–6.30 | 21.80 | 2.64 | 0.687 | 0.899 | 2.64 (<0.01) * |
Betula spp. pooled | 0.09–2.53 | 28.97 | 2.88 | 0.810 | 0.701 | 5.28 (<0.01) * |
Brand & Smith [32] | ||||||
Salix spp. | 0.25–3.81 | 44.86 | 2.539 | 0.947 | 0.372 | 3.81 (<0.01) * |
Alnus | Betula | Salix | Alnus-Salix | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Alnus | - | - | - | - |
Betula | 2.45 (0.02) * | - | - | - |
Salix | 0.67 (0.50) | 1.86 (0.07) | - | - |
Alnus-Salix | 1.25 (0.22) | 1.80 (0.08) | 0.34 (0.73) | - |
<1 cm Class | 1–2 cm Class | >2 cm Class | |
---|---|---|---|
MAPE | 8.2% | 5.3% | 2.0% |
t-value | 4.58 (<0.01) * | 2.00 (0.05) * | 0.36 (0.72) |
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He, A.; McDermid, G.J.; Rahman, M.M.; Strack, M.; Saraswati, S.; Xu, B. Developing Allometric Equations for Estimating Shrub Biomass in a Boreal Fen. Forests 2018, 9, 569. https://doi.org/10.3390/f9090569
He A, McDermid GJ, Rahman MM, Strack M, Saraswati S, Xu B. Developing Allometric Equations for Estimating Shrub Biomass in a Boreal Fen. Forests. 2018; 9(9):569. https://doi.org/10.3390/f9090569
Chicago/Turabian StyleHe, Annie, Gregory J. McDermid, Mir Mustafizur Rahman, Maria Strack, Saraswati Saraswati, and Bin Xu. 2018. "Developing Allometric Equations for Estimating Shrub Biomass in a Boreal Fen" Forests 9, no. 9: 569. https://doi.org/10.3390/f9090569