A Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy Study of Cubic and Orthorhombic C3A and Their Hydration Products in the Presence of Gypsum
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Experimental
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Characterization of Pure Phases
3.1.1. Particle Size Distribution
3.1.2. X-ray Diffraction
3.1.3. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS)
3.1.4. Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy
3.2. Hydration Products of C3A in the Presence of Gypsum
3.2.1. Gypsum/Cubic C3A Blends with Ratios of 0.20 and 1.19
3.2.2. Gypsum/Na-Doped C3A Blend with Ratios of 0.20 and 1.19
4. Final Remarks
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
TGA Analysis
References
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Region | Start Energy (eV) | End Energy (eV) | Dwell Time (ms) |
---|---|---|---|
Wide | 0 | 1200 | 0.1 |
C 1s | 275 | 295 | 1 |
O 1s | 525 | 540 | 0.5 |
Ca 2p | 339 | 359 | 1 |
Al 2p | 65 | 85 | 1 |
Al 2s | 108 | 128 | 1 |
Na 1s | 1065 | 1085 | 1 |
Name | Cubic C3A | Orthorhombic C3A | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Position | FWHM | Position | FWHM | |
C 1s | 289.4 | 2.49 | 289.1 | 2.14 |
O 1s | 528.6 531.4 | 1.31 2.50 | 531.2 532.8 535.7 | 2.16 2.35 2.43 |
Ca 2p3/2 | 347.0 | 2.26 | 346.7 | 2.06 |
Ca 2p1/2 | 350.5 | 2.20 | 350.2 | 2.01 |
Al 2p | 74.1 | 2.69 | 74.3 | 2.76 |
Na 1s | - | - | 1071.7 | 2.34 |
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Rheinheimer, V.; Chae, S.R.; Rodríguez, E.D.; Geng, G.; Kirchheim, A.P.; Monteiro, P.J.M. A Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy Study of Cubic and Orthorhombic C3A and Their Hydration Products in the Presence of Gypsum. Materials 2016, 9, 745. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9090745
Rheinheimer V, Chae SR, Rodríguez ED, Geng G, Kirchheim AP, Monteiro PJM. A Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy Study of Cubic and Orthorhombic C3A and Their Hydration Products in the Presence of Gypsum. Materials. 2016; 9(9):745. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9090745
Chicago/Turabian StyleRheinheimer, Vanessa, Sejung Rosie Chae, Erich D. Rodríguez, Guoqing Geng, Ana Paula Kirchheim, and Paulo J. M. Monteiro. 2016. "A Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy Study of Cubic and Orthorhombic C3A and Their Hydration Products in the Presence of Gypsum" Materials 9, no. 9: 745. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9090745