Development of Graphene Nano-Platelet Based Counter Electrodes for Solar Cells
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Preparation and Characterisation of Pt and TCO Free CEs for DSSCs
2.2. Raman Spectroscopy Studies
Powder Type | ID/IG |
---|---|
Graphite powder (Reference) | 0.02 |
GNPs type 1 | 0.40 |
GNPs type 2 | 0.34 |
GNPs type 3 | 0.40 |
2.3. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) Studies
2.4. Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) Studies
2.5. Electrical Conductivity Measurement
2.6. Investigation of the Photovoltaic Performance of DSSCs
CE Type | Voc (V) | Jsc (mA/cm2) | FF | Efficiency (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Pt/FTO/glass | 0.730 | 13.12 | 0.49 | 4.72 ± 0.10 |
NMP doped PEDOT:PSS/glass/CE | 0.760 | 5.67 | 0.31 | 1.35 ± 0.05 |
GNPs type 1 + NMP doped PEDOT:PSS/glass | 0.710 | 11.4 | 0.41 | 3.36 ± 0.06 |
GNPs type 2+NMP doped PEDOT:PSS/glass | 0.690 | 12.45 | 0.43 | 3.70 ± 0.10 |
GNPs type 3 + NMP doped PEDOT:PSS/glass | 0.690 | 12.80 | 0.31 | 2.78 ± 0.08 |
2.7. Investigation of Sintering on the Properties of the CEs and Performance of the Corresponding DSSCs
2.7.1. Effect of Sintering on the Electrical Conductivity of GNPs Type 2 with NMP Doped PEDOT:PSS Films/CEs
2.7.2. Raman Spectroscopy of GNPs Type 2 with NMP Doped PEDOT:PSS Films/CEs Sintered at Various Temperatures
2.7.3. Effect of Sintering Temperature on the Photovoltaic Performance of DSSCs with GNPs Type 2 with PEDOT:PSS Composite Films/CEs
Sintering Temperature | ID/IG |
---|---|
GNPs 2 type powder | 0.34 |
120 °C | 0.13 |
150 °C | 0.13 |
200 °C | 0.13 |
300 °C | 0.02 |
400 °C | 0.06 |
CE Type | Sintering Temp. (°C) | Voc (V) | Jsc (mA/cm) | FF | Efficiency (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
GNPs 2 + NMP doped PEDOT:PSS/CE | 120 | 0.690 | 12.45 | 0.43 | 3.70 ± 0.10 |
As above | 150 | 0.710 | 13.75 | 0.44 | 4.29 ± 0.12 |
As above | 200 | 0.710 | 11.28 | 0.40 | 3.23 ± 0.09 |
As above | 300 | 0.720 | 7.66 | 0.24 | 1.35 ± 0.08 |
As above | 400 | 0.720 | 6.03 | 0.18 | 0.84 ± 0.05 |
3. Experimental Section
3.1. General Procedures
3.2. Preparation of Pt and TCO Free CEs for DSSCs
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Ahmad, I.; McCarthy, J.E.; Baranov, A.; Gun'ko, Y.K. Development of Graphene Nano-Platelet Based Counter Electrodes for Solar Cells. Materials 2015, 8, 5953-5973. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma8095284
Ahmad I, McCarthy JE, Baranov A, Gun'ko YK. Development of Graphene Nano-Platelet Based Counter Electrodes for Solar Cells. Materials. 2015; 8(9):5953-5973. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma8095284
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhmad, Iftikhar, Joseph E. McCarthy, Alexander Baranov, and Yurii K. Gun'ko. 2015. "Development of Graphene Nano-Platelet Based Counter Electrodes for Solar Cells" Materials 8, no. 9: 5953-5973. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma8095284