Understanding of Sulfurized Polyacrylonitrile for Superior Performance Lithium/Sulfur Battery
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Chemical Structure of Sulfurized Polyacrylonitrile (SPAN)
Synthesis Condition | Result, % | Ratio of Element | Source | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S | N | C | H | C/N | C/S | C/H | ||
280–300 °C, 6 h | 53.41 | 10.73 | 30.92 | 0.89 | 3.36 | 1.55 | 2.92 | [2] |
330 °C, 6 h | 41 ± 1 | 18.2 | 53 | 1.7 | 3.4 | – | 2.62 | [9] |
280–300 °C, time 1 | 46.3 | 14.4 | 38.1 | 1.1 | 3.09 | 2.20 | 2.91 | [7] |
time 2 (>time 1) | 42 | 15.6 | 41.2 | 1.2 | 3.08 | 2.62 | 2.89 | – |
time 3 (>time 2) | 33.7 | 16.5 | 43.6 | 1.3 | 3.08 | 3.45 | 2.82 | – |
300 °C, 8 h | 43.28 | 13.99 | 38.12 | – | 3.17 | 2.34 | – | [16] |
450 °C | 35.24 | 15.17 | 40.80 | – | 3.13 | 3.08 | – | – |
800 °C | 15.32 | 19.05 | 52.28 | – | 3.20 | 8.98 | – | – |
2.2. Electrochemical Characteristics of Li/SPAN Cell
2.2.1. Electrochemical Mechanism
2.2.2. Cycling Characteristics of Li/SPAN Cell
Synthesis Condition | S in SPAN wt% | CE % | Capacity at 2nd Cycle, mAh g−1 | Source | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
vs. SPAN | vs. S | ||||
350 °C, 5 h | 42 | 81 | 726 | 1727 | [7] |
42 | 86 | 811 | 1930 | [8] | |
300 °C, 3 h, 4:1 S/PAN | 48 | 75 | 477 | 993 | [13] |
48 | 79 | 681 | 1419 | – |
2.2.3. Chemical Compatibility of Electrolyte
2.2.4. Over-Discharging and Over-Charging Characteristics
3. Experimental Section
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Zhang, S.S. Understanding of Sulfurized Polyacrylonitrile for Superior Performance Lithium/Sulfur Battery. Energies 2014, 7, 4588-4600. https://doi.org/10.3390/en7074588
Zhang SS. Understanding of Sulfurized Polyacrylonitrile for Superior Performance Lithium/Sulfur Battery. Energies. 2014; 7(7):4588-4600. https://doi.org/10.3390/en7074588
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Sheng S. 2014. "Understanding of Sulfurized Polyacrylonitrile for Superior Performance Lithium/Sulfur Battery" Energies 7, no. 7: 4588-4600. https://doi.org/10.3390/en7074588