A Phenomenological Model for Prediction Auto-Ignition and Soot Formation of Turbulent Diffusion Combustion in a High Pressure Common Rail Diesel Engine
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. TP Model
2.1. Auto-Ignition
2.1.1. Modified Model
Reaction | k (1/s) | n | E (J/mol) |
---|---|---|---|
C7H16 + O2 → C7H15 + HO2 (initiation) | 4.500 × 1013 | 0.0 | 48810.0 |
C7H16 + OH → C7H15 + H2O (initiation) | 8.610 × 109 | 1.10 | 1815.0 |
C7H15 + O2 ↔ C7H15O2 (first O2-addition) | 4.000 × 1012 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
C7H15O2 → C7H14O2H (internal H-abstraction) | 6.000 × 1011 | 0.0 | 20380.0 |
C7H14O2H + O2 → C7H14O4H (second O2-addition ) | 6.000 × 1011 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
C7H14O4H → C7H14O3 + OH (chain reaction) | 1.000 × 109 | 0.0 | 7480.0 |
Reaction | k (1/s) | n | E (J/mol) |
---|---|---|---|
C7H16 + 2O2 → HO2C7H13O + H2O | 3.500 × 1013 | 0.0 | 37810.0 |
HO2C7H13O + 9O2 → 7CO2 + 7H2O | 8.610 × 109 | 0.0 | 1815.0 |
2.1.2. Implementation in CFD Code
2.2. Soot Model
2.2.1. PAH Calculation
2.2.2. Soot Source Term
kA2 = kC4H2 = 1.0 × 107 exp(−5000/RT)
3. Simulations
3.1. Numerical Implementation
3.2. Basis for the Numerical Simulation
3.3. Experiment Set-up
Speed (r/min) | Torque (N.m) | Power (kW) | Rail Pressure (bar) |
---|---|---|---|
750 (Idle) | 0 | 0 | 330 |
2200 (100% load) | 276 | 64.424 | 1200 |
2200 (75% load) | 211 | 49.23 | 980 |
2200 (50% load) | 135 | 31.498 | 809 |
2200 (25% load) | 64 | 14.926 | 723 |
2700 (100% load) | 250 | 71.367 | 1200 |
2700 (75% load) | 195 | 53.363 | 1190 |
2700 (50% load) | 127 | 36.241 | 900 |
2700 (25% load) | 64 | 18.256 | 750 |
3200 (100% load) | 239 | 81.592 | 1300 |
3200 (75% load) | 179 | 61.108 | 1200 |
3200 (50% load) | 121 | 41.308 | 1100 |
3200 (25% load) | 59 | 20.136 | 1000 |
4. Results and Discussion
4.1. Cylinder Pressure and Heat Release Rate
4.2. Soot
4.2.1. Soot versus Crank Angle
4.2.2. Summary of Investigated Load Conditions
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgements
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Liu, Y.; Yang, J.; Sun, J.; Zhu, A.; Zhou, Q. A Phenomenological Model for Prediction Auto-Ignition and Soot Formation of Turbulent Diffusion Combustion in a High Pressure Common Rail Diesel Engine. Energies 2011, 4, 894-912. https://doi.org/10.3390/en4060894
Liu Y, Yang J, Sun J, Zhu A, Zhou Q. A Phenomenological Model for Prediction Auto-Ignition and Soot Formation of Turbulent Diffusion Combustion in a High Pressure Common Rail Diesel Engine. Energies. 2011; 4(6):894-912. https://doi.org/10.3390/en4060894
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Yongfeng, Jianwei Yang, Jianmin Sun, Aihua Zhu, and Qinghui Zhou. 2011. "A Phenomenological Model for Prediction Auto-Ignition and Soot Formation of Turbulent Diffusion Combustion in a High Pressure Common Rail Diesel Engine" Energies 4, no. 6: 894-912. https://doi.org/10.3390/en4060894