Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2008, 5(4), 230-242; doi:10.3390/ijerph5040230
Article

Gender Specific Differences in the Pros and Cons of Smoking among Current Smokers in Eastern Kentucky: Implications for Future Smoking Cessation Interventions

Dana A. Hazen 1 email, David M. Mannino 2,* email and Richard Clayton 2 email
1 University of Kentucky College of Public Health, 121 Washington Avenue Lexington, KY 40536, USA 2 Dpt. of Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health University of Kentucky College of Public Health and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine University of Kentucky College of Medicine, 121 Washington Avenue Lexington, KY 40536, USA
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 22 October 2008 / Accepted: 4 December 2008 / Published: 8 December 2008
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tobacco Smoking and Public Health)
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Abstract: This study investigated gender differences in the perceived “pros” and “cons” of smoking using the constructs of decisional balance (DB) and stage of change from the Transtheoretical Model. The population distribution for stage of change among a population-based, cross-sectional survey of 155 current smokers over 40 years was: precontemplation (22.6%), contemplation (41.9%), preparation (35.5%). Results of stepwise regression models indicated significant gender differences in DB were in the preparation stage of change; scores on the DB measure increased 3.94 points (95% CI: 1.94, 5.93) for male smokers. Interventions targeting the “pros” and “cons” of smoking may need to be gender specific.
Keywords: Transtheoretical model; Decisional-balance; Stage of change; Smoking; Gender

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Cite This Article

MDPI and ACS Style

Hazen, D.A.; Mannino, D.M.; Clayton, R. Gender Specific Differences in the Pros and Cons of Smoking among Current Smokers in Eastern Kentucky: Implications for Future Smoking Cessation Interventions. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2008, 5, 230-242.

AMA Style

Hazen DA, Mannino DM, Clayton R. Gender Specific Differences in the Pros and Cons of Smoking among Current Smokers in Eastern Kentucky: Implications for Future Smoking Cessation Interventions. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2008; 5(4):230-242.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hazen, Dana A.; Mannino, David M.; Clayton, Richard. 2008. "Gender Specific Differences in the Pros and Cons of Smoking among Current Smokers in Eastern Kentucky: Implications for Future Smoking Cessation Interventions." Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 5, no. 4: 230-242.

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