Contributing to SDG 3 through Support for Trainer Autonomy: Relationship with Motivation, Basic Psychological Needs and the Intention to Be Physically Active
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Instruments
2.2.1. Support for Autonomy
2.2.2. Basic Psychological Needs
2.2.3. Motivation
2.2.4. Future Intention to Be Physically Active
2.3. Procedure
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Descriptive Analysis and Correlations
3.2. Cluster Analysis
3.3. Differences in Basic Psychological Needs, Motivation, and Intention to Be Physically Active
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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M | SD | A | K | α | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Competence | 5.32 | 0.68 | −1.233 | 1.185 | 0.84 |
2 | Autonomy | 3.97 | 1.05 | −0.414 | −0.176 | 0.76 |
3 | Relatedness | 4.95 | 0.79 | −0.783 | 0.241 | 0.66 |
4 | IM General | 6.49 | 0.65 | −1.651 | 3.305 | 0.61 |
5 | IM Knowledge | 6.41 | 0.76 | −2.040 | 6.030 | 0.78 |
6 | IM Stimulation | 6.31 | 0.71 | −1.267 | 1.470 | 0.71 |
7 | IM Achievement | 6.41 | 0.73 | −2.004 | 5.108 | 0.75 |
8 | Integrated R | 6.23 | 0.89 | −1.430 | 1.622 | 0.77 |
9 | Identified R | 6.33 | 0.74 | −1.378 | 1.827 | 0.67 |
10 | Introjected R | 3.43 | 1.57 | 0.064 | −0.886 | 0.72 |
11 | External R | 2.29 | 1.37 | 1.103 | 0.544 | 0.75 |
12 | Amotivation | 2.66 | 1.42 | 0.663 | −0.142 | 0.70 |
13 | IPA | 4.49 | 0.51 | −1.290 | 1.449 | 0.75 |
14 | SDI | 11.08 | 4.52 | −0.626 | −0.108 | X |
15 | IPM | 4.75 | 0.60 | −0.490 | 0.078 | X |
16 | Autonomy Support | 4.75 | 0.60 | −0.674 | 0.400 | 0.75 |
2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Competence | 0.229 ** | 0.402 ** | 0.470 ** | 0.400 ** | 0.537 ** | 0.558 ** | 0.432 ** | 0.395 ** | −0.006 | −0.139 * | −0.213 ** | 0.170 ** | 0.365 ** | 0.682 ** | 0.330 ** |
2 | Autonomy | 0.208 ** | 0.066 | 0.183 ** | 0.098 | 0.161 ** | 0.023 | 0.105 | 0.154 ** | 0.103 | −0.002 | 0.045 | −0.012 | 0.754 ** | 0.295 ** | |
3 | Relatedness | 0.281 ** | 0.110 | 0.239 ** | 0.315 ** | 0.255 ** | 0.175 ** | 0.162 ** | 0.041 | 0.017 | 0.215 ** | 0.074 | 0.708 ** | 0.222 ** | ||
4 | IM General | 0.428 ** | 0.603 ** | 0.565 ** | 0.474 ** | 0.346 ** | −0.028 | −0.198 ** | −0.266 ** | 0.280 ** | 0.563 ** | 0.336 ** | 0.288 ** | |||
5 | IM Knowledge | 0.550 ** | 0.487 ** | 0.506 ** | 0.538 ** | 0.118 * | −0.089 | −0.175 ** | 0.166 ** | 0.319 ** | 0.303 ** | 0.258 ** | ||||
6 | IM Stimulation | 0.725 ** | 0.573 ** | 0.447 ** | −0.013 | −0.196 ** | −0.315 ** | 0.246 ** | 0.495 ** | 0.361 ** | 0.255 ** | |||||
7 | IM Achievement | 0.607 ** | 0.529 ** | −0.037 | −0.147 * | −0.310 ** | 0.190 ** | 0.489 ** | 0.439 ** | 0.316 ** | ||||||
8 | Integrated R | 0.538 ** | 0.022 | −0.169 ** | −0.247 ** | 0.221 ** | 0.455 ** | 0.286 ** | 0.161 ** | |||||||
9 | Identified R | 0.128 * | −0.030 | −0.198 ** | 0.147 | 0.341 ** | 0.285 ** | 0.265 ** | ||||||||
10 | Introjected R | 0.551 ** | 0.455 ** | 0.091 | −0.539 ** | 0.157 ** | −0.017 | |||||||||
11 | External R | 0.553 ** | −0.011 | −0.671 ** | 0.026 | −0.025 | ||||||||||
12 | Amotivation | −0.016 | −0.908 ** | −0.073 | −0.089 | |||||||||||
13 | IPA | 0.110 | 0.184 ** | 0.116 | ||||||||||||
14 | SDI | 0.162 ** | 0.183 ** | |||||||||||||
15 | IPM | 0.391 ** | ||||||||||||||
16 | Autonomy Support |
High Perception of Support for Autonomy | Low Perception of Support for Autonomy | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M | SD | M | SD | F | p | |
Competence | 5.48 | 0.56 | 4.99 | 0.79 | 35.034 | 0.000 ** |
Autonomy | 4.16 | 1.06 | 3.59 | 0.92 | 19.250 | 0.000 ** |
Relatedness | 5.04 | 0.77 | 4.74 | 0.80 | 8.911 | 0.003 ** |
General IM | 6.61 | 0.53 | 6.25 | 0.80 | 19.405 | 0.000 ** |
IM to Knowledge | 6.55 | 0.66 | 6.14 | 0.88 | 19.062 | 0.000 ** |
IM to Stimulation | 6.45 | 0.61 | 6.01 | 0.81 | 25.594 | 0.000 ** |
IM to Achievement | 6.56 | 0.56 | 6.10 | 0.92 | 26.127 | 0.000 ** |
Integrated R | 6.36 | 0.78 | 5.94 | 1.03 | 14.679 | 0.000 ** |
Identified R | 6.44 | 0.69 | 6.09 | 0.79 | 14.493 | 0.000 ** |
Introjected R | 3.44 | 1.66 | 3.39 | 1.38 | 0.066 | 0.797 |
External R | 2.26 | 1.40 | 2.35 | 1.31 | 0.269 | 0.604 |
Amotivation | 2.60 | 1.47 | 2.79 | 1.32 | 1.142 | 0.286 |
IPA | 4.51 | 0.49 | 4.45 | 0.55 | 0.825 | 0.365 |
SDI | 11.56 | 4.42 | 10.06 | 4.60 | 6.888 | 0.009 ** |
IPM | 4.89 | 0.56 | 4.44 | 0.58 | 38.570 | 0.000 ** |
Wilks’s lambda (λ) = 0.342 (f = 36.456) p = 0.000 |
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Heredia-León, D.A.; Manzano-Sánchez, D.; Gómez-Mármol, A.; Valero-Valenzuela, A. Contributing to SDG 3 through Support for Trainer Autonomy: Relationship with Motivation, Basic Psychological Needs and the Intention to Be Physically Active. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 12327. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912327
Heredia-León DA, Manzano-Sánchez D, Gómez-Mármol A, Valero-Valenzuela A. Contributing to SDG 3 through Support for Trainer Autonomy: Relationship with Motivation, Basic Psychological Needs and the Intention to Be Physically Active. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(19):12327. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912327
Chicago/Turabian StyleHeredia-León, Diego Andrés, David Manzano-Sánchez, Alberto Gómez-Mármol, and Alfonso Valero-Valenzuela. 2022. "Contributing to SDG 3 through Support for Trainer Autonomy: Relationship with Motivation, Basic Psychological Needs and the Intention to Be Physically Active" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 19: 12327. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912327